中国城乡老年数字失能现状及影响机制——基于数字不平等多维解释框架

Prevalence and Determinants of Digital Disability of Urban and Rural Older Adults in China:Based on the Multidimensional Explanatory Framework of Digital Inequality

基于2020年中国老年社会追踪调查数据和相关城市统计数据,利用潜在剖面分析法分析数字技术对老年人多领域生活的影响,揭示中国城乡老年人数字社会生活四种状态:高适应型(14.87%)、社交型(24.77%)、平衡型(29.85%)和失能型(30.51%)。其中,农村数字失能型老年人的比例比城市高8.02%。多层多项Logistic回归和随机森林模型的分析结果进一步表明经济资源、社会资源、认知资源和技术资源的差异共同形塑城乡老年数字失能,检验了数字不平等多维解释框架适用性。研究认为,应将数字失能作为数字鸿沟治理核心对象,贯彻落实以人为本的技术发展理念,构建更具包容性的数字治理体系,整合多维资源缩小城乡老年数字不平等,全面提升数字社会老年人生活质量,真正实现数字发展红利不分年龄、人人共享。

This study examines the impact of digital technology on the lives of older Chinese adults,using data from the 2020 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey and urban statistics.Latent profile analysis identified four distinct digital social life states among older Chinese adults:adaptive(14.87%),social(24.77%),balanced(29.85%),and digitally disabled(30.51%)groups.The prevalence of digital disability was 8.02%higher in rural areas than in urban areas.Multilevel multinomial logistic regression and random forest models showed that economic,social,cognitive,and technological resources significantly influenced digital disability among older adults in both urban and rural areas,supporting a multidimensional framework of digital inequality.The findings suggest that digital disability should be the primary focus of digital divide governance.The concept of human-centered technology development needs to be implemented.A more inclusive digital governance system should be established.The integration of multidimensional resources is essential to reduce digital inequality between urban and rural older adults.Efforts should be made to comprehensively improve the quality of life for older adults in the digital society and to ensure that they benefit from the dividends of digital development.