CDR风力发电机多领域耦合动态建模及全工况分层协同控制

Multi-domain Coupled Dynamic Modelling and Full Operating ConditionHierarchical Cooperative Control of CDR Wind Turbine

针对一种串列式双叶轮(CDR)风力发电机,基于自由涡尾迹理论提出前后叶轮串列式布局下后叶轮入流风速建模方法,首次建立了包含前后叶轮、传动轴系和塔筒等关键子系统的“气动-传动-电气-支撑件”多领域耦合动态模型;考虑CDR风力发电机结构及特性,以风力机安全运行和最大出力为目标,设计整机分层协同控制架构;采用Fortran语言开发适用于不同容量等级CDR风力发电机的精细化仿真软件,结合高性能服务器搭建仿真实验平台。为验证方案有效性,配置某典型2.7 MW CDR风力发电机设计参数,依据国际电工委员会(IEC)标准开展全工况载荷分析及性能验证。结果表明:所建立的整机模型可准确反映风力机各子系统间的耦合动态特性,所提出的分层协同控制方法在安全载荷范围内具有良好的最优功率曲线跟踪性能。

For a cascade dual rotor(CDR)wind turbine,a method of modelling the approach wind velocity of the rear rotor under the cascade layout of the front and rear rotors was proposed based on free vortex wake theory.A multi-domain coupled dynamic model of"aerodynamic-transmission-electrical-support"was established for the first time,which including the key sub-systems of the front and rear rotors,drive shaft system,and tower tube.Considering the structure and operation characteristics of CDR wind turbine,a new hierarchical cooperative control architecture of the dual rotor unit was designed for the safe operation and maximum power generation output of CDR wind turbine.A refined simulation software for CDR wind turbines with different capacity levels was developed based on Fortran language,and a simulation experiment platform was set up in combination with a high-performance server.In order to verify the effectiveness of the programme,the design parameters of a typical 2.7 MW CDR wind turbine were configured,and the load analysis and performance verification were carried out under full operating conditions in accordance with International Electrotechnical Commission(IEC)standard.Results show that the model can accurately reflect the coupling dynamic characteristics of each subsystem in wind turbine,and the proposed hierarchical cooperative control method has a good tracking performance of optimal power curve within the safe load range.