海南长臂猿下地行为初报

Preliminary study on bipedal walking behavior of Hainan gibbon(Nomascus hainanus)

海南长臂猿(Nomascus hainanus)是中国特有灵长类动物,也是世界上最濒危的灵长类动物之一(周江,2008;Fan,2017;Geissmann and Bleisch,2020;Ren et al.,2022)。海南长臂猿被世界自然保护联盟列为极度濒危(CR)物种,在《中国脊椎动物红色名录》中也被评为“极度濒危”(蒋志刚等,2021)。2019年海南热带雨林国家公园正式成立,旨在保护以海南长臂猿为旗舰物种的热带雨林栖息地,经过持续保护,其野生种群得以缓慢恢复。

The species in Hylobatidae are specialized arboreal primates that barely move on the ground in the wild.In the previous monitoring studies,no records of bipedal walking behavior of Hainan gibbon(Nomascus hainanus)were reported.Here,we recorded seven cases of the bipedal walking behaviors of the Hainan gibbon using a combination method of infrared cameras and human tracking in Bawangling area of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park from January 2020 to August 2023.The background,duration and activities after each action are described in detail.The behaviors were classified into active bipedal walking and passive bipedal walking,the causes are analyzed,and the topographic features of the possible bipedal walking location are proposed,and the key monitoring regions are delimited.This report can not only protect the Hainan gibbon population more effectively but also provide updated data for compiling the behavior spectrum of Hainan gibbon.