数字弱势群体权利保护的公益诉讼路径建构

Constructing a Public Interest Litigation path for the Protection of the Rights of Digitally Disadvantaged Groups

数字弱势群体作为数字鸿沟现象的伴生品,存在物质基础薄弱、信息获取能力匮乏与维权意识不足的固有特征,理应获得国家倾斜保护,遵循内在赋能与外在保护双轮治理模式,在增强弱势群体数字素养能力的同时聚焦侵权救济。本文提出完善法律体系与引入风险预防模式、惩罚性赔偿的建议,并在明晰三类个人信息公益诉讼的基础上,厘清数字弱势群体不同公益诉讼路径的衔接关系,以切实维护弱势群体的数字权益。

As a companion of the digital divide phenomenon,digitally disadvantaged groups have the inherent characteristics of a weak material base,lack of information accessibility and insufficient awareness of rights protec-tion,and deserve to be protected by the state,which should follow the dual governance model of intrinsic empow-erment and extrinsic protection,and focus on infringement remedies while enhancing the digital literacy capacity of the disadvantaged groups.It proposes to improve the legal system and introduce risk prevention model and punitive damages,and clarifies the relationship between different public interest litigation paths for digitally disadvantaged groups on the basis of three types of public interest litigation for personal information,so as to effectively safeguard the digital rights and interests of the disadvantaged groups.