湿邪为患须详审细辨——窦永起教授论治湿邪相关病证学术思想探析

Thorough Examination and Differentiation of Dampness Pathogen:An Analysis of Professor Dou Yongqi′s Academic Thoughts on the Treatment of Dampness Pathogen-related Diseases

湿邪有弥漫、重浊、黏腻、趋下的病理特性和隐袭致病、易伤阳气、阻滞气机、易寒化热化、易兼夹风寒暑热等致病特点,因此湿邪为病临床表现复杂,最易误诊。窦永起教授指出,年轻医生临证时,但见“多汗、畏寒、口干、疼痛、憋胀”症,不加以仔细辨别,便认为是“气虚、阳虚、阴虚、气滞或寒”证,从而导致用药失误而无效甚至适得其反者,比比皆是。而经详细问诊、察色按脉,这些症状常常是因湿邪所致。文中结合窦永起教授临证诊治病例的相关论述,总结其诊治湿邪相关病症的学术经验,以飨同道。

Dampness pathogen exhibits diffuse,heavily turbid,sticky,and descending pathological characteristics.It tends to insidiously cause illness,easily damages yang qi,obstructs the qi movement,can transform into cold or heat,and complicates other pathogens such as wind,cold,and summer heat.Consequently,the clinical manifestations of dampness pathogen-related diseases are complex and prone to misdiagnosis.Professor Dou Yongqi pointed out that when young doctors encountered symptoms such as“excessive sweating,aversion to cold,dry mouth,pain,and bloating”,they often hastily attributed them to syndromes of“qi deficiency,yang deficiency,yin deficiency,qi stagnation,or cold”without careful differentiation.This often leads to medication errors,resulting in ineffective treatment or even adverse effects,which is quite common.However,after a detailed inquiry,observing the complexion,and feeling the pulse,these symptoms are frequently found to be caused by dampness pathogen.This article,drawing on Professor Dou Yongqi′s clinical experience and case studies,summarized his academic insights on diagnosing and treating diseases related to dampness pathogen,offering valuable reference to fellow practitioners.