高速铁路线路方案环境比选评价体系构建及应用

Construction and Application of Environmental Comparison and Evaluation System for Line Schemes of High Railway

高速铁路作为典型线性工程,经过的地区较多,不可避免地涉及环境敏感区。本文在调研2016—2022年高速铁路环境影响报告的基础上,基于铁路施工期、运营期环境影响特点,筛选出“环境敏感性”“工程实施难度”“施工期环境影响”“运营期环境影响”4个一级指标和9个二级指标。通过层次分析法、专家评分法等构建了高速铁路环境敏感区线路方案的环境比选评价体系,并将该体系运用于高速铁路环境比选工作。研究结果表明:“环境敏感性”“工程实施难度”“施工期环境影响”“运营期环境影响”4个一级指标能够反映高速铁路工程特点和环境影响程度。该评价体系可以量化反映出不同方案的优劣,研究成果可为高速铁路重点路段选线工作提供借鉴。

As a typical linear project,high-speed way passes through many areas and inevitably involve environmentally sensitive areas.On the basis of researching the environmental impact assessment reports of high-speed railways from 2016 to 2022,based on the characteristics of environmental impact during railway construction and operation periods,four primary indicators,such as"environmental sensitivity""difficulty of project implementation""environmental impact during construction period""environmental impact during operation period"and nine secondary indicators were selected.The environmental comparison and evaluation system for high-speed railway projects involving environmentally sensitive areas has been constructed through analytic hierarchy process,expert scoring method,etc.The environmental comparison and evaluation system for railway projects involving environmentally sensitive areas has been constructed.This method system has been applied to the study of railway engineering environmental comparison and selection.The research results indicate that four primary indicators,namely"environmental sensitivity""difficulty of project implementation""environmental impact during construction period"and"environmental impact during operation period",can reflect the characteristics and degree of environmental impact of high-speed railway projects.The evaluation method quantitatively reflected the advantages and disadvantages of different schemes,the research results can provide reference for the work of railway route selection.