腺苷受体在骨关节炎中的作用研究进展

The role of adenosine receptors in osteoarthritis:a review

骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)是一种由滑膜炎症、关节软骨损伤退变和软骨下骨硬化增生为主要特征的退行性关节病,主要症状为关节疼痛和运动功能下降,危险因素包括遗传、肥胖等[1-2]。全球OA患者数量现已突破5亿,在40~75岁的亚洲人群中,男性发病率为53%,女性发病率则高达61%[3-4]。OA是致残的重要原因之一,我国OA疾病负担沉重,每年用于治疗OA的费用已高达数百亿元,且随着老龄化进程加快,这一数字仍在不断攀升[5-6]。目前没有可以治愈OA的方式,早中期OA的治疗原则以控制炎症、延缓病程为主,晚期则主要依靠全关节置换等手术治疗[7]。因此,寻找一种有效的生物学治疗靶点,以在早中期有效延缓OA病程,具有重要意义。

Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most common degenerative joint disease,with synovial inflammation and articular cartilage degeneration as primary manifestations.Adenosine is an endogenous purine nucleoside that typically binds to its transmembrane G protein coupled receptors(ADORA1,ADORA2A,ADORA2B,ADORA3)to exert physiological effects.Adenosine receptor-mediated signals are widely involved in physiological processes such as inflammatory responses,and their expression levels or activation states change with the progression of OA,which suggests that adenosine receptors hold promise as targets for OA therapy.Therefore,we summarize the role of the four adenosine receptors in OA and the main methods of regulation of them in this review,with a view to provide references for subsequent research efforts on novel targets for intervention in the course of OA.