草海及周边水库鱼类的种类组成及群落多样性

Species composition and community diversity of fishes in Caohai Lake and surrounding reservoirs

2017年6月至2018年12月,项目组分2次对草海及周边水库的鱼类资源进行了调查,共采集到鱼类标本5000余份。草海及周边水库现有鱼类12种,隶属于3目6科12属。渔获物种类主要为鲤鱼、鲫鱼、黄黝鱼、彩石鲋、麦穗鱼、泥鳅、黄鳝、普栉鰕虎鱼、棒花鱼、片唇鮈、鱼餐条、草海云南鳅。通过对草海及周边水库渔获物组成的分析测量发现,优势种群为麦穗鱼。鱼类多样性分析表明,东中部凹地冒水水库、乐溪水库、草海、杨湾桥水库和干海子水库多样性指数较高,西南部冲子河水库次之,西北高海拔地区的雪山水库和邓家营水库最低。本地特有种一个,为草海云南鳅,且只有杨湾桥水库有,其他水库包括草海均未采到标本。

From June 2017 to December 2018,we conducted two surveys of fish stocks in Caohai Lake and surrounding reservoirs,and collected more than 5000 fish specimens.There were 12 species of fishes in Caohai Lake and surrounding reservoirs,belonging to 12 genera,6 families and 3 orders.The main species of fish caught were Cyprinus carpio,Carassius auratus,Hypseleofris swinhonis,Pseudoperilampus lighti,Pseudorasbora parva,Misgurnus anguillicaudatus,Monopterus albus,Ctenogobius giurinus,Abbottina rivularis,Platysmacheilus exiguous,Hemiculter leucisculus,and Yunnanilus caohaiensis.Based on the analysis and measurement of the composition of the catch,it was found that the dominant species was Pseudorasbora parva.Fish diversity analysis showed that Aodi Maoshui Reservoir,Lexi Reservoir,Caohai Lake,Yangwanqiao Reservoir and Ganhaizi Reservoir had relatively high fish diversity,followed by Chongzihe Reservoir,and Xueshan Reservoir and Dengjiaying Reservoir had the lowest fish diversity.The one endemic species was Yunnanilus caohaiensis,which was only found in Yangwanqiao Reservoir.