清代贵州解元的地域分布与产生时段特征

The Regional Distribution and Generation Period Characteristics of Guizhou Jieyuan in Qing Dynasty

解元之称谓始于唐代,按照唐朝的制度,参加会试的举人由地方解送进京参加会试,后来就把举人中的头名称“解元”,历代均沿用了这一称谓。到了清代,贵州参加科举考试的人员较之前代大为增加,与明代贵州仅有三十六名解元相比,清代贵州考中解元的人数达到九十八人。这主要与其时贵州的经济社会文化发展水平有关。在清代解元中,就地域分布、产生时段和其后续的经历方面而言,都呈现出不同的特征。文章通过查阅民国《贵州通志》等史料,就相关情况进行分析研究。

The title of Jieyuan began in the Tang dynasty.According to the system of the Tang dynasty,the Juren who participated in the examination were sent to Beijing from the place to participate in the examination.Later,the head name of the Juren was Jieyuan,which was used in all previous dynasties.In the Qing Dynasty,the number of people participating in the imperial examination in Guizhou was greatly increased compared with that of the previous generation.Compared with the Ming Dynasty,there were only 36 Jieyuan in Guizhou,and the number of Jieyuan in the examination of Guizhou in the Qing Dynasty reached 98.This is mainly related to the level of economic,social and cultural development in Guizhou at that time.In the Qing Dynasty,there are different characteristics in terms of regional distribution,generation period and subsequent experience.This paper analyzes and studies the relevant situation by consulting the historical materials such as'Guizhou Tongzhi'in the Republic of China.