钢轨短波波磨对轨道振动俘能器发电性能的影响规律研究

Effects of rail short wave corrugation on power generation performance of rail vibration energy harvester

以轮轨摩擦自激振动理论和轨面不平顺反馈振动理论为基础,结合钢轨波磨与轨道振动能量回收两个研究方向,通过建立考虑钢轨波磨的“车轮-钢轨-吸振器”振动分析模型与轨道振动俘能器分析模型,研究了不同波深与波长的钢轨短波波磨对轨道振动俘能器的输出功率的影响规律。分析结果显示,波磨深度的增大会导致轮轨接触力和轨面垂向加速度的振幅增大,但不会影响钢轨的主振频率。波磨波长的增大会导致轮轨接触力和轨面垂向加速度的振幅先增大后减小,钢轨的主振频率随波磨波长的增大而减小。轨道振动俘能器的输出功率会受到波磨深度和波长的影响,表现为波长不变时,波深增加,俘能器的输出功率提高。波深不变时,波长增加,俘能器的输出功率先增大后减小,但仍大于光滑轨道上俘能器的输出功率,并且,采用小波包分解方法得到小波包能量值与波磨波长几乎呈线性关系。上述分析结果表明,该轨道振动俘能器在高效回收轨道振动能量的条件下,能有效地监测钢轨波磨的产生过程和预测钢轨波磨的近似波长。

Here,based on the theory of wheel-rail friction self-excited vibration and the theory of rail surface irregularity feedback vibration,combining 2 study directions of rail corrugation and rail vibration energy recovery,by establishing the vibration analysis model of"wheel-rail-vibration absorber"considering rail corrugation and the analysis model of rail vibration energy harvester,effects of rail short wave corrugations with different wave depths and wavelengths on output power of rail vibration energy harvester were studied.The analysis results showed that increase in corrugation depth can cause increase in wheel-rail contact force amplitude and rail surface vertical acceleration amplitude,but it can’t affect rail main vibration frequency;increase in corrugation wavelength can cause wheel rail contact force amplitude and rail surface vertical acceleration amplitude to increase firstly and then decrease,and rail main vibration frequency decreases with increase in corrugation wavelength;output power of rail vibration energy harvester is affected by corrugation depth and wavelength,when wavelength keeps constant,output power of the energy harvester increases with increase in depth,when wave depth keeps constant,output power of the energy harvester increases firstly and then decreases with increase in wavelength,but it is still larger than output power of the energy harvester on a smooth orbit;energy value of wavelet packet obtained with the wavelet packet decomposition method is almost linearly related to rail wave corrugation wavelength;rail vibration energy harvester can effectively monitor the generation process of rail short wave corrugation and predict approximate wavelength of rail corrugation under the condition of efficient recovery of rail vibration energy.