城市道路交通噪声频谱及其对隔声评价中频谱修正量的影响

Urban road traffic noise spectra and their effects on spectral correction in sound insulation evaluation

现行隔声评价标准中交通噪声频谱修正量参考的是20世纪80年代北欧测量得到的交通噪声数据。为了研究C_(tr)修正量是否适用于评价建筑外窗对新时代城市道路交通噪声的隔声性能,对多种城市交通道路进行噪声监测,根据测量结果提出一组新的交通噪声频谱修正曲线C_(A),计算11种常见外窗构造在不同频率范围内的计权隔声量,并对比分析不同频谱修正量声压级频谱的差异性。结果表明:不同城市道路交通噪声频谱都具有低频声压级高、中频平稳、高频下降的相似特点;当今的城市道路交通噪声低频能量远低于C_(tr)所参考的频谱,其能量频谱分布更接近于C_(100~3150);对比分析11组外窗的交通噪声频谱修正量C_(A)与现行标准的频谱修正量的差异,C_(A)均落于C和C_(tr)参考频谱之间的范围内;C_(A)与C、C_(tr)参考频谱的相关系数R2的值均>0.9且高于C与C_(tr)的相关性,因此C_(A)对城市道路交通噪声频谱修正具有更好的适用性与代表性,研究结果可为临街住宅的隔声降噪工程提供数据参考。

Traffic noise spectrum correction in the current sound insulation evaluation standards refers to the traffic noise data measured in northern Europe in 1980s.Here,to investigate whether C_(tr) correction is suitable for evaluating sound insulation performance of building external windows on urban road traffic noise in new era,noise monitoring on various urban traffic roads was conducted,a set of new traffic noise spectrum correction curves C_(A) was proposed according to measurement results,weighted sound insulation amounts of 11 common external window constructions in different frequency ranges were calculated,and differences in sound pressure level spectra of different spectrum corrections were analyzed contrastively.The results showed that spectra of road traffic noise in different cities have similar characteristics of low-frequency sound pressure level being high,mid-frequency sound pressure level being stable and high-frequency sound pressure level being degressive;low-frequency energy of urban road traffic noise today is much lower than the spectrum referenced by C_(tr),its energy spectral distribution is closer to C 100-3150;contrastively analyzing differences between the traffic noise spectrum corrections C_(A) of 11 sets of external windows and the current standard spectrum correction,C_(A) fall in the range between reference spectra of C and C_(tr);correlation coefficients R 2 among C_(A),C and C_(tr) reference spectra all are larger than 0.9 and higher than the correlation between C and C_(tr),so C_(A) have better applicability and representativeness in correcting urban road traffic noise spectra;the study results can provide data reference for sound insulation and denoising projects of street-facing residential buildings.