中外西瓜产业发展现状及国际竞争力比较

Comparison of Development Status and International Competitiveness of Watermelon Industry Between China and Foreign Countries

通过分析2013—2022年中外西瓜产业相关数据发现,在生产方面,中国仍排名世界第一,但其面积和产量正不断下滑,而印度、西班牙、墨西哥、意大利却逐年上升;在国际竞争力方面,中国虽然出口价格指数最高,但国际市场占有率、贸易竞争力指数和显示性比较优势指数却很低,在国际竞争中处于不利地位。中国西瓜产业要从做大转向做强,需注意以下5个方面,一是加强土地管理,保障种植面积;二是加强科技创新,提高种植收益;三是加强人才培养,提升种植水平;四是加强统筹规划,发展相关产业;五是壮大龙头企业,拓展对外贸易。

By analyzing the data of watermelon industry of China and some foreign countries from 2013 to 2022,we found that,the planting scale and total output of watermelon in China ranked first in the world,but the plant area and yield decreased continuously,while the scale of production in India,Spain,Mexico and Italy increased year by year.China′s export price index was the highest among the selected countries,but its international market share,trade competitiveness index and revealed comparative advantage index were very low,and those were not conducive to international competition.In order to improve the competitiveness of China′s watermelon industry,we should strengthen the following five aspects,First,strengthen land management and ensure planting area,second,strengthen scientific and technological innovation and improve planting income,third,strengthen personnel training and improve planting level,fourth,strengthen overall planning and develop related industries,fifth,Strengthen leading enterprises and expand foreign trade.