基于数据挖掘探讨中医药治疗视网膜静脉阻塞黄斑水肿的组方规律

Exploring the Prescription Patterns of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Retinal Vein Occlusion with Macular Edema Based on Data Mining

目的 应用R语言数据挖掘平台对中医药治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿(RVO-ME)的方药信息进行挖掘,为中医治疗RVO-ME提供新的思考方向。方法 纳入从建库至2023年9月30日中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库中关于中医药治疗RVO-ME的文献。根据纳入、排除标准对治疗RVO-ME的中药相关文献进行筛选,提取方药信息,统一规范药物名称后采用R语言(4.1.1版)对数据进行统计分析。使用ggplot 2函数对数据进行频次分析,绘制条形图以呈现RVO-ME治疗中使用的高频中药种类。运用arules、arulesViz函数进行关联分析。运用层次聚类算法对数据进行聚类分析,应用NbClust函数选取最佳聚类数目,并依据最佳聚类数目进行聚类分析。结果 (1)中药属性:共纳入文献42篇,包含方剂43个,涉及中药92味,累计频次为487次。中药四气以温性最多,共151次(31.01%);五味以甘味药最多,共173次(35.52%);归经以肝经用药最多,共128次(26.28%)。(2)高频中药使用频次:使用频次>5次的药物(高频中药)共30味,排名前5位的分别为茯苓(34次,79.07%)、当归(26次,60.47%)、白术(21次,48.84%)、川芎(21次,48.84%)、泽泻(21次,48.84%)。(3)中药关联规则分析:关联度较高前5组分别为当归-茯苓、泽泻-茯苓、白术-茯苓、川芎-当归、川芎-茯苓。(4)高频中药聚类分析:共得到4类组方。第Ⅰ类功效为活血通络、利水渗湿;第Ⅱ类功效为活血化瘀、补气健脾;第Ⅲ类功效为温阳利水;第Ⅳ类功效为滋阴养血、活血理气。结论 RVO-ME的中医药治疗原则强调血水同治,活血化瘀和利水渗湿、益气健脾兼顾。

OBJECTIVE To apply the R language data mining platform to mine the prescription information of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)for the treatment of retinal vein occlusion secondary to macular edema(RVO-ME),and to provide a new direction of thinking for the treatment of RVO-ME by TCM.METHODS Literature related to the TCM treatment of RVO-ME was collected from CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,and CBM databases from their inception to September 30th,2023.The literature was screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria,and prescription information was extracted.After standardizing the names of the Chinese medicines,data was statistically analyzed using R language(version 4.1.1).The ggplot 2 function was employed for frequency analysis,and bar charts were created to display the most frequently used Chinese medicines in the treatment of RVO-ME.The arules and arulesViz functions were used for association analysis.Hierarchical clustering was performed on the data using clustering algorithms,with the NbClust function selecting the optimal number of clusters for further analysis.RESULTS(1)Properties of Chinese medicines:A total of 42 articles were included,comprising 43 prescriptions and involving 92 Chinese medicines,with a cumulative frequency of 487 times.The four properties of Chinese medicines showed that warm Chinese medicines were the most common,with 151 times(31.01%).The five flavors were predominantly sweet,with 173 times(35.52%).Chinese medicines that entered liver meridian were used the most frequently,with 128 times(26.28%).(2)Frequency of high-frequency Chinese medicines:A total of 30 Chinese medicines were used more than five times(high-frequency Chinese medicines).The top five were Poria cocos(34 times,79.07%),Angelica sinensis(26 times,60.47%),Atractylodes macrocephala(21 times,48.84%),Ligusticum chuanxiong(21 times,48.84%),and Alisma orientale(21 times,48.84%).(3)TCM association rules analysis:The top five pairs of Chinese medicines with the highest association were Angelica sinensis-Poria cocos;Alisma orientale-Poria cocos;Atractylodes macrocephala-Poria cocos;Ligusticum chuanxiong-Angelica sinensis;Ligusticum chuanxiong-Poria cocos.(4)High-frequency Chinese medicines clustering analysis:Four clusters of prescriptions were identified.The efficacy of cluster I is to invigorate blood circulation,unblock collaterals,promote diuresis,and drain dampness.Cluster II aims to promote blood circulation,remove blood stasis,tonify Qi,and strengthen the spleen.Cluster III focuses on warming Yang and promoting diuresis.Cluster IV emphasizes nourishing Yin,enriching the blood,promoting blood circulation,and regulating Qi.CONCLUSIONS The TCM treatment principles for RVO-ME emphasize the simultaneous treatment of blood and water,focusing on invigorating blood circulation,removing blood stasis,promoting diuresis,draining dampness,tonifying Qi,and strengthening spleen.