噬菌体在家禽养殖领域中的应用

Research Progress and Applications of Bacteriophages in Poultry

家禽业正面临来自弯曲杆菌、沙门氏菌、大肠埃希菌和产气荚膜梭菌等多重耐药病原体感染的危害。而抗生素过度使用会破坏肠道正常微生物群的平衡,导致菌群失调、免疫抑制和次级感染的发生。噬菌体是一类能特异性感染和杀灭细菌的病毒,通过噬菌体制剂防治家禽细菌病,对于保障家禽健康、提高养殖效益具有重要意义。文章重点阐述了噬菌体在家禽养殖领域中的应用现状与研究进展,以期为更全面地挖掘噬菌体在家禽养殖中的潜力,并为未来的研究和应用提供参考。

The poultry industry is facing challenges from multiple drug-resistant pathogens such as Cam⁃pylobacter,Salmonella,Escherichia coli,and Clostridium perfringens.Excessive use of antibiotics disrupts the balance of the normal microbial community in the intestines,leading to dysbiosis,immune suppres⁃sion,and secondary infections.Bacteriophages are viruses that can specifically infect and kill bacteria.The use of bacteriophage preparations to control bacterial diseases in poultry is of great significance for ensuring poultry health and improving farming efficiency.Therefore,this review focuses on the current applications of bacteriophages against poultry pathogens,aiming to provide a comprehensive understand⁃ing of the potential of bacteriophages in poultry farming and to serve as an important reference for future research and applications.