城市多中心结构提升了居民幸福感吗?

Does Urban Polycentric Structure Improve Residents’Subjective Well-being?

城市是承载美好生活的空间载体,城市空间发展模式对居民福祉的影响不可忽视。本文基于2010—2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)的微观数据,采用多层混合效应模型考察了城市多中心结构对城市居民幸福感的影响。研究发现,城市多中心结构显著提升了居民幸福感,这一结论经系列稳健性检验和解决内生性问题后依然成立。异质性分析发现,多中心空间结构对大城市、高购房压力城市以及城市户籍、高收入阶层居民幸福感的促进作用更大。机制检验表明,城市多中心结构通过就业和收入效应、公共服务和消费效应、居住环境效应三种潜在机制影响居民幸福感。本文为优化城市空间结构和增进民生福祉的双协同提供了经验证据。

Cities are spatial carriers carrying a good living,so the impact of urban spatial development models on the subjective well-being of residents cannot be ignored.In this paper,the multi-layer mixed effects model is used to investigate the effects of urban multi-centralization on the well-being of urban residents based on micro data from the China Household Tracking Survey(CFPS)from 2010 to 2018.We found that the degree of polycentricism significantly improved residents’happiness,and still hold after a series of robustness tests and endogenous test.Heterogeneity analysis showed that the polycentric spatial structure contributes more to the well-being of residents in big cities,cities with high home-buying pressure,urban households registration,and high-income groups.Mechanism testing showed that urban polycentricity affected residents’happiness through three potential mechanisms:employment and income effect,public service and consumption effect,and residential environment effect.This study provided empirical evidence for the dual synergy between optimizing urban spatial structure and enhancing people’s well-being.