《企业破产法》修订背景下破产检察监督的困境与出路

Dilemma and way out of procuratorial supervision of bankruptcyunder the background of revising Enterprise Bankruptcy Law

破产程序中利益主体的权利保障与救济、破产程序中权力主体行使权力的有效制约以及破产诉讼监督体系化,均离不开破产检察监督。当前,破产检察监督面临诸多困境:制度缺乏系统性规范,地方法律文件效力层级低,无法在全国范围内形成统一指引;破产检察监督对象集中于法院和破产管理人,忽略了破产程序中的其他利益主体和权力机构;监督以事后监督为主,缺乏强制力支持,方式较为单一,有效性有待提升等。在《企业破产法》修订背景下,应对破产检察监督制度进行体系化完善:一是在法律层面明确破产案件检察监督语义,明确赋予其法律效力;二是确立破产监督的合法性、客观中立、合目的等原则;三是从监督范围、监督对象和监督方式等方面,健全破产检察监督机制。

The protection and relief of the rights of the interest subject,the effective restriction of the exercise of the power of the authority subject and the systematization of the supervision of bankruptcy proceedings are all inseparable from the procuratorial supervision of bankruptcy.At present,procuratorial supervision of bankruptcy is faced with many difficulties:the system lacks systematic norms,the effectiveness level of local legal documents is low,and it is impossible to form unified guidance across the country;the object of procuratorial supervision of bankruptcy is concentrated on the court and the bankruptcy administrator,ignoring other interest subjects and power organs in bankruptcy proceedings.supervision is mainly post-supervision,lack of coercive support,the way is relatively simple,and the effectiveness needs to be improved.Under the background of revising the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law,the system of procuratorial supervision of bankruptcy should be systematically improved.First,the semantic meaning of procuratorial supervision of bankruptcy should be clarified at the legal level and its legal effect should be clearly endowed;secondly,it is to establish the principles of legality,objectivity,neutrality and conformity of bankruptcy supervision;thirdly,we should improve the mechanism of procuratorial supervision of bankruptcy in terms of scope,object and method of supervision.