城市轨道交通车站检票系统配置优化研究

Research on Configuration Optimization of Ticket CheckingSystem in Urban Rail Transit Station

城市轨道交通车站经常在特定时间、地点出现大客流,大客流会导致乘客在站内设施处排队或滞留站台现象,造成额外等待延误。车站自动检票机对于控制进入站内乘客数量起着关键作用,合理配置检票机,能够平衡站台内外乘客数量、有效减少乘客等待时间,保障车站安全高效运转。本文以研究时段内车站所有乘客检票排队时间和滞留延误时间最小化为目标建立整数规划模型,结合仿真技术,形成两阶段优化算法求解。最后,以北京地铁五棵松站某工作日早高峰和某次大型活动后大客流为例,验证模型优化效果。研究表明,合理配置车站检票机可以减少等待时间,其中,在早高峰和大型活动后分别减少了25%和31%的乘客总等待时间。

Urban rail transit stations often experienced heavy passenger flow at specific times and locations.This high passenger volume led to queues at station facilities or delays on the platform,causing additional waiting times.The automatic ticket checking machines at the station played a crucial role in controlling the number of passengers entering.The rational allocation of these machines can balance the number of passengers inside and outside the platform,effectively reducing passenger waiting times and ensuring the station’s safe and efficient operation.In this study,an integer programming model was established with the objective of minimizing the queuing time and delay time for all passengers at the station during the research period.Integrated with simulation technology,a two-stage optimization algorithm was formulated to address the issue.Finally,the optimization effect of the model was validated using the morning peak on a typical working day and the high passenger volume after a major event at Wukesong Station of Beijing Metro as examples.The research indicated that the rational allocation of ticket machines at stations can reduce waiting times, witha 25% and 31% reduction in total passenger waiting time observed after the morning peak and large-scaleactivities, respectively.