大型储罐中美设计标准对比分析研究

Comparative Analysis and Research on China’s and American Design Standards for Large Storage Tanks

文章梳理大型储罐设计时所执行的中国国家标准GB 50341—2014《立式圆筒形钢制焊接油罐设计规范》和美国石油协会标准API 650—2020《焊接石油储罐》,从设计总则、储罐主体设计、储罐结构计算等方面对比分析。分析表明,API 650—2020在顶板的厚度和荷载选择方面更保守,在壁厚、罐底板的计算以及环形边缘板厚度取值方面引入应力分析计算;对于风荷载取值的差异主要体现在基本风速的时距和重现期;地震荷载中的地震重现期高于中国标准,取值设计相对保守,为锚固设计提供了可选类型。对于大型储罐中美设计标准的准确理解与应用,有助于提升海外电力工程储罐的设计质量和履约能力。

The Chinese national standard GB 50341-2014 Vertical Cylindrical Steel Welded Oil Tank Design Specification and the American Petroleum Institute standard API 650-2020 Welded Tanks for Oil Storage implemented in the design of large-scale storage tanks are reviewed in detail.The general design principle,tank main body design,and tank structure calculation of the two design standards are compared and analyzed.The analysis shows that,compared with GB 50341-2014,API 650-2020 is more conservative in the selection of top plate thickness and load,while the wall thickness,tank bottom plate,and annular edge plate thickness is calculated and determined by introducing stress analysis calculation;the difference in wind load values is mainly reflected in the time interval and recurrence period of basic wind speed;the earthquake recurrence period in seismic load is higher than that of the Chinese standard,the value design is relatively conservative,and optional types are provided for anchor design.accurate understanding and application of large-scale storage tank design standards is conducive to improving the design quality and contract performance of overseas power engineering storage tanks.