中美竞争与“第三国”贸易——兼论新质生产力关键行业链路重构

Sino-U.S.Competition and“Third Country”Trade:The Relations Reconstruction in Key Industries of New Quality Productive Forces

中美大国竞争是当前国际经贸环境的重要背景,培育和发展新质生产力是我国应对复杂挑战的有效途径。在相互竞争博弈的背景下,中美贸易直接关联出现“脱钩”,而又通过东盟、印度、墨西哥等“第三国”实现“再挂钩”。这种间接关联方式扭曲和推高了中美贸易成本,但同时也在中美竞争中起到缓冲作用,稳定了双方贸易。然而,“第三国”贸易目前面临新的风险,特别是新质生产力关键行业链路在迅速发展和重构过程中遭遇竞争与挑战。对此,中国应加快构建高标准自贸区网络,推进制定互利的跨境电商合作中国方案;进一步推进内外贸一体化和全球生产布局调整,鼓励和引导企业出海投资、科学配置产业链供应链;同时依托建设高水平开放平台和发展新质生产力,为我国高水平开放与高质量发展提供有效保障和助力。

The competition between China and the U.S.as major powers constitutes a crucial context for the current international trade environment.Fostering and developing new quality productive forces is an effective approach for China to cope with intricate challenges.In the context of the mutual competition,direct trade between China and the U.S.has experienced a form of“decoupling,”yet has been reconnected through“third countries”such as ASEAN,India,and Mexico.Although this indirect trade relationship distorts and escalates the costs of Sino-U.S.trade,it simultaneously serves as a buffer,stabilizing the bilateral trade.However,trade involving“third-countries”is currently faced with new risks,particularly as the key links in new quality productive forces are facing challenges in their rapid development and restructuring.In response,China should accelerate the establishment of a high-standard free trade zone network,and formulate mutually beneficial cross-border e-commerce cooperation.Additionally,efforts should focus on further integrating domestic and foreign trade and adjusting global production layout,encouraging and guiding enterprises to invest abroad,and strategically configuring supply chains and industrial chains.Meanwhile,relying on the construction of high-level open platforms and developing new quality productive forces,China can provide strong support for high-level openness and high-quality development.