溶胶-凝胶法制备氧化铝长丝的研究进展

Research progress in preparation of alumina filaments by sol-gel method

综述了溶胶-凝胶法制备氧化铝长丝过程中溶胶制备、纤维成形和高温处理3个阶段的技术研究进展。溶胶制备阶段,原料主要包括无机铝盐和有机醇铝盐,研究主要集中在铝溶胶的物料配比、投料方式、反应温度、反应时间和pH值等因素对制备氧化铝长丝的影响,缺乏胶体本身的理论研究,尤其是胶体性质与纤维形貌和性能关系的研究;纤维成形阶段,主要运用干法纺丝技术,纺丝方法较为单一;高温处理阶段,研究主要集中在抑制晶粒生长,控制晶粒尺寸,提高纤维致密度等方面。指出应加强溶胶制备、纤维成形、高温处理3个阶段对纤维结构和性能的影响,以及各阶段的关联性、影响因素和作用机理的研究。

The technical research progress in the three stages of sol preparation,fiber forming and high-temperature treatment in the process of preparing alumina(α-Al 2O 3)filaments by sol-gel method was reviewed.For the sol preparation stage,the raw materials mainly include inorganic aluminum salts and organic alcohol aluminum salts.The research mainly focuses on the influence of factors such as the feed ratio,feeding method,reaction temperature,reaction time and pH value of aluminum sol on the preparation ofα-Al 2O 3 filaments,but is lack of theoretical research on colloids,especially the relationship between colloid properties and fiber morphology and properties.For the fiber forming stage,the spinning method is relatively simple due to the main use of dry spinning technology.For the high temperature treatment stage,the research mainly focuses on the methods of inhibiting the grain growth,controlling the grain size and improving the fiber density.It was suggested to strengthen the research on the influence of each stage on the structure and properties of fibers,as well as the correlation,influencing factors,and mechanism of each stage.