论生育权的宪法基本权利证成

The Theoretical Justification of the Reproductive Right as Constitutional Basic Right

新时代我国生育政策不断调整优化,从独生子女到全面三孩,由生育限制转向生育支持,凸显生育的权利属性。生育权的宪法基本权利证成是国家生育政策优化的根本法依据,有必要从学理上系统阐释。生育权利化的历史进程表明,通过宪法解释将生育权证成为未列举的基本权利具有重要的实践价值。学术界存在多种生育权基本权利的证成路径,直接影响公民生育权的行使与实现。从宪法精神和基本权利体系出发,揭示出人权条款和家庭条款两种解释路径的缺陷。以“人格尊严”条款的人格主义哲学与文本结构为基础,可以从实质和形式两个层面充分证成生育权是宪法基本权利,明确宪法层面生育权性质。

In the new era,Chinese naitonal fertility policy went through significant adjustment,which the content from one-child policy to complete three-child policy and the keynote from birth control to birth support.The transformation of fertility policy should be based on the recognition that reproductive right is constitutional basic right.In terms of historical development,It is an appropriate way to theoretical justificate reproductive right as Consititutional unenumerated right by consititutional interpretation.There are three way about theoretical justification of reproductive right as Constitutional basic right.The way on“human right clause”or“family protection clause”has obvisoue defects according to the constitutional spirit and the systerm of consitutional basic rights.It will demonstrate rationality theoretical justification of reproductive right as Constitutional basic right on“personal dignity clause”.That has a great reallistic significance for constrcting a normative system aimed to protecting the reprodctive right in China.