山蜡梅不同种源果实与种子表型性状变异分析

Phenotypic Variations in Seed and Fruit Traits of Chimonanthus nitens from Different Provenances

目的:揭示山蜡梅不同种源果实与种子变异程度和变异规律,为促进山蜡梅种质资源保护和遗传改良提供科学依据。方法:以江西、浙江等10个种源地的山蜡梅果实和种子为试验材料,采用方差分析、相关性分析、聚类分析对山蜡梅果实和种子的7个表型性状(果实长度、宽度、种子长度、宽度、千粒重、果实长宽比、种子长宽比)进行比较研究。结果:山蜡梅7个表型性状在不同种源间均呈极显著差异,7个表型性状的变异系数为1.95%~20.76%,其中果实宽度的变异系数最大(20.76%),种子千粒重的变异系数最小(1.95%)。山蜡梅果实与种子的表型性状受地理气候因子影响不明显;利用系统聚类可将10个种源分为4类,第1类为江西广信、浙江龙泉、江西广丰、浙江开化,第2类为江西婺源和江西德兴,第3类为江西弋阳和江西资溪,第4类为江西玉山和江西乐平。结论:本研究明确山蜡梅果实和种子在种源间存在丰富的表型变异,为山蜡梅多样性种质资源保护和利用提供了理论依据。

Objective:To reveal the variation and regularity of fruits and seeds of Chimonanthus nitens from different provenances and to provide references for the conservation and genetic improvement of Chimonanthus nitens germplasm resources.Methods:Fruits and seeds of Chimonanthus nitens from ten provenances including Jiangxi and Zhejiang were used as test materials,analysis methods of variance,correlation and cluster analysis were applied to contrast and analyze seven phenotypictraits(fruit length,fruit width,seed length,seed width,thousand-grains weight of seed,fruit length-width ratio,seed length-width ratio)of fruits and seeds.Results:The results showed that seven phenotypic traits were from 1.95%to 20.76%,among them,variation coefficient of the width of fruit was the largest(20.76%),variation coefficient thousand-grain weight of seed was the smallest(1.95%).Phenotypic variations in seed and fruit traits of Chimonanthus nitens were not significantly affected by geographical and climatic factors;The ten provenances could be divided into four groups,the first group was Guangxin Jiangxi,Longquan Zhejiang,Guangfeng Jiangxi and Kaihua Zhejiang,the second group was Wuyuan Jiangxi and Dexing Jiangxi,the third group was Yiyang Jiangxi and Zixi Jiangxi,and the fourth group was Yushan Jiangxi and Leping Jiangxi.Conclusion:There are abundant phenotypic variations in Chimonanthus nitens fruits and seeds from different provenances,this study can provide a theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of diversified Chimonanthus nitens germplasm resources.