阿尔金山国家级自然保护区种子植物多样性研究

Species Diversity of Seed Plants in Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve

目的:通过阿尔金山国家级自然保护区种子植物多样性调查,明晰保护区内种子植物多样性现状,揭示自然保护区种子植物多样性自身的演化特征及区系地理成分,为有效保护植被生态屏障、种质资源保护和合理开发利用积累基础数据。方法:采用随机样方调查法对阿尔金山国家级自然保护区种子植物种类和构成以及科、属和种的组成进行了野外调查,统计分析其区系特征及多样性指数。结果:阿尔金山国家级自然保护区共有植物46科、152属、253种,其中种子植物的种类最为丰富。阿尔金山国家级自然保护区种子植物优势科较为明显,其中含10种以上的科有6科、142种,占总数的56%;菊科种类最多(46种占总种数18%)、禾本科次之(28种占总种数11%)、单属种植物(62种占总种数的24.5%),说明单属种或少数种科的占比较大。保护区种子植物分布类型隶属于温带属性;保护区草本物种多样性指数最高,乔木物种多样性指数最低。结论:通过调查初步明晰了阿尔金山国家保护区种子植物资源状况,为阿尔金山国家级自然保护区植物资源的保护和合理开发利用提供了重要基础数据,对推动高原生态文明建设和维护自然环境提供基本资料。

Objective:Through the investigation of seed plant diversity in Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve,the status quo of seed plant diversity in the protected area was clarified.The evolutionary characteristics and floristic geographical components of seed plant diversity in the nature reserve were revealed.And basic data were accumulated for effective protection of vegetation ecological barrier,protection of germplasm resources and rational development and utilization.Methods:The species and composition of seed plants,family,genus and species in Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve were investigated by random quadrat survey.Their floristic characteristics and diversity index were analyzed statistically.Results:There were a total of 253 species belonging to 152 genera and 46 families in Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve,among which seed plants were the most abundant.The dominant families of seed plants in Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve were obvious,including 6 families with more than 10 species and 142 species,accounting for 56%of the total.Asteraceae had the largest number of species(46 species accounting for 18%of the total species),followed by Poaceae(28 species accounting for 11%of the total species),and monotypic plants(62 species accounting for 24.5%of the total species),indicating that the proportion of single genera or a few species families was relatively large.The distribution type of seed plants belonged to the temperate zone.The index of herbaceous species diversity was the highest in the reserve,and the index of tree species diversity was the lowest.Conclusion:Through the investigation,the status of seed plant resources in Altun Mountain National Reserve was preliminarily clarified,providing important basic data for the protection and rational development,and utilization of plant resources in Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve,and also providing basic information for promoting the construction of plateau ecological civilization and maintaining the natural environment.