海南岛市售红薯叶中多元素分析

Multi-Element Analysis of Sweet Potato Leaves in Hainan Island

为了解海南岛内红薯叶中多种元素的分布及含量情况,用硝酸溶液对其样品进行微波消解处理,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定红薯叶样品中26种元素。结果表明,除元素Sb在红薯叶中未检出外,其余25种元素均有检出,检出率在9.5%~100.0%。Mg、Na、Ca和K等元素在红薯叶中的平均值在303~4647 mg·kg^(-1),Ba、Zn、B、Sr、Mn、Al和Fe等元素的平均值在1.89~17.80 mg·kg^(-1),其余元素的平均值在1 mg·kg^(-1)以下。221批红薯叶中Pb、As、Cd、Cr、Hg均符合《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》(GB 2762—2022)要求。主成分分析明确了Al、Ti、Fe、V、Na、Mg、Ca、K、B、Cu、Zn、Ba、Sr和Mn这14种元素为红薯叶的特征元素。Na、Mg、Ca、Ti、V、B、Cu、Zn和Ba元素在红薯叶中含量差异不大,总体形状和趋势基本一致;其他特征元素K、Al、Fe、Sr和Mn元素含量有差异。聚类分析表明,当距离为20时,所有样品可以分为3类,说明在同一类里,元素的种类和含量等特征有一致性,但每一类间的地域并不相近,元素特征和地域相关性不显著。

In order to know the distribution and content of various elements in sweet potato leaves in Hainan island,the samples were digested by microwave with nitric acid solution,the contents of 26 elements in sweet potato leaves were determined by Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.The results showed that except element Sb was not detected in sweet potato leaves,the other 25 elements were detected with the detection rate from 9.5%to 100.0%.The average value of Mg,Na,Ca and K in sweet potato leaves ranged from 303 mg·kg^(-1)to 4647 mg·kg^(-1),the average value of Ba,Zn,B,Sr,Mn,Al and Fe ranged from 1.89 mg·kg^(-1)to 17.80 mg·kg^(-1),and the average value of other elements is below 1 mg·kg^(-1).The contents of Pb,As,Cd,Cr and Hg in 221 batches of sweet potato leaves were in accordance with GB 2762—2022.Principal component analysis showed that 14 elements,such as Al,Ti,Fe,V,Na,Mg,Ca,K,B,Cu,Zn,Ba,Sr and Mn,were characteristic elements of sweet potato leaves.The contents of Na,Mg,Ca,K,Ti,V,B,Cu,Zn and Ba in the leaves of sweet potato were similar,the shape and trend were basically the same,the contents of other characteristic elements K,Al,Fe,Sr,Mn were different.Cluster analysis showed that when the distance was 20,all samples could be divided into three categories,indicating that in the same category,the types and contents of elements were consistent,but each category was not close to the region,the correlation between element characteristics and region was not significant.