变电构架避雷针结构风振响应分析与减振优化研究

针对烟台某变电站构架避雷针在风场作用下产生的涡激振动等异常振动问题,该研究通过数值模拟进行避雷针结构的风振响应分析,并探讨相应的减振优化方案。首先,利用现场实测数据获取变电构架避雷针的基本动力特性,并根据目标谱拟合方法模拟脉动风的荷载时程,为后续动力响应分析提供基础。其次,基于这些数据,建立精细化的有限元模型,对结构的动力特性进行分析。针对避雷针结构的特性和调谐质量阻尼器在避雷针结构中的不同安装位置,提出3种不同的减振控制策略。通过在脉动风下进行时程反应分析,检验不同策略下结构的响应,并进行参数化分析。结果显示,基于实测数据的精细化有限元模型能够准确模拟结构的动力特性,随着质量比的增加,调谐质量阻尼器的控制效果逐渐提高,但增长率逐渐减小;在相同质量比下,同时控制避雷针一阶和二阶结构频率的策略比仅控制单一频率更为有效。通过该研究,对于变电构架避雷针的风振响应与减振优化提供全面深入的探讨,并为类似问题的解决提供有益的参考与启示。

Aiming at the abnormal vibration problems such as vortex-induced vibration caused by a lightning rod frame in Yantai under the action of wind fields,this study analyzed the wind-vibration response of the lightning rod structure through numerical simulation,and discussed corresponding vibration reduction optimization schemes.First,the basic dynamic characteristics of the lightning rod of the substation frame are obtained using on-site measured data,and the load time history of the pulsating wind is simulated according to the target spectrum fitting method,providing a basis for subsequent dynamic response analysis.Subsequently,based on these data,a refined finite element model was established to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the structure.According to the characteristics of the lightning rod structure and the different installation positions of the tuned mass damper in the lightning rod structure,three different vibration reduction control strategies are proposed.By conducting time-history response analysis under fluctuating wind,the response of the structure under different strategies is tested and parametric analysis is carried out.The results show that the refined finite element model based on measured data can accurately simulate the dynamic characteristics of the structure;as the mass ratio increases,the control effect of the tuned mass damper gradually improves,but the growth rate gradually decreases;at the same mass ratio,the strategy of simultaneously controlling the first and second order structural frequencies of the lightning rod is more effective than controlling only a single frequency.Through this research,a comprehensive and in-depth discussion on the wind-vibration response and vibration reduction optimization of lightning rod for substation frames is provided,and useful reference and inspiration are provided for solving similar problems.