广州城市轨道交通进出站量集中度实证分析

Empirical Analysis on Concentration Degree of Inbound and Outbound Passenger Volume of Guangzhou Urban Rail Transit

[目的]部分城市轨道交通线路存在走向、车站分布、换乘站布设等不合理情况,这些问题导致在城市轨道交通线网中出现了部分大客流车站和极小客流车站的现象,这对城市轨道交通的投资和运营都带来了挑战,因此有必要开展相关研究。[方法]基于广州城市轨道交通的进出站量数据,定义了进出站量集中度的概念,并分析了进出站量高集中度车站的空间分布特征,以及这些车站与车站吸引范围内人口规模、是否为换乘站之间的关系。[结果及结论]从客流集中度方面来看,广州城市轨道交通线网呈现出少数站点产生大多数客流的特点。具体而言,全网进出站量排名在前10%的车站,其进出站总量已达到全网客运量的30%,而排名在前20%的车站更是占据了全网客运量的50%。此外,这些大客流车站主要集中在人口密集区和城市中心区。

[Objective]Problems in some urban rail transit lines,such as unreasonable directions,station distribution,and transfer station layouts lead to the phenomenon of some high passenger flow stations and extremely low passenger flow stations in urban rail transit network,bringing challenges to both the investment and operation of urban rail transit.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out relevant researches.[Method]Based on the inbound and outbound volume data of Guangzhou urban rail transit,the concept of inbound and outbound volume concentration degree is defined,and the spatial distribution characteristics of stations with high inbound and outbound volume concentration degree are analyzed,as well as the relationship between the station and the population size within the station attraction range,and between transfer stations and non-transfer stations.[Result&Conclusion]In terms of passenger flow concentration,Guangzhou urban rail transit line network presents the characteristic of a large concentration of passenger flow in a few stations.Specifically,the stations ranked in top 10%of inbound and outbound volume reach 30%of the total volume of passenger traffic in the whole network,while the stations ranked in top 20%occupy 50%of the total volume of passenger traffic in the whole network.In addition,these high-traffic stations are mainly concentrated in densely populated areas and urban centers.