苏中地区蛋鸡养殖碳排放估算与技术效率分析

Estimation of Carbon Emissions and Analysis of Technical Efficiency in Laying Hens Farming in the Central Jiangsu Region

为应对当前畜牧业减排形势,促进蛋鸡养殖业健康持续性发展,研究以江苏省中部地区133个蛋鸡养殖场为研究对象,运用生命周期评价法计算蛋鸡养殖全过程碳排放的情况,利用SBM(Slack based measure)模型从经济与环境角度探究蛋鸡养殖的技术效率。结果显示:该地区只均蛋鸡在整个生命周期中的碳排放为48.55 kg,其中粪便处理是影响碳排放结果的最主要因素,占总排放量的38%。该地区蛋鸡养殖环境效率为0.619 4,低于技术效率(0.667 5),环境效率和技术效率都有较大的提升空间。通过降低投入冗余,只均蛋鸡碳排放量可降低约9.03 kg。蛋鸡养殖具有一定的环境污染性,不同规模之间的蛋鸡养殖效率差异较大,中规模养殖场有明显的环境效率优势。

To address the current situation of emissions reduction in the livestock industry and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the laying hens farming sector,one hundred and thirty-three laying hens farms in the central area of Jiangsu province were selected as the research object,the life cycle assessment method was used to calculate the carbon emissions of the entire process of laying hens farming,and SBM(Slack based measure)model was used to explore the technical efficiency of laying hens farming from an economic and environmental perspective.The results showed that the average carbon emissions of laying hens in the entire life cycle of the region were 48.55 kg,with fecal treatment being the main factor affecting carbon emissions,accounting for 38%of the total emissions.The environmental efficiency of laying hens farming in this region was 0.6194,which was lower than the technical efficiency(0.6675).There was significant room for improvement in both environmental and technical efficiency.By reducing investment redundancy,the average carbon emissions of laying hens could be reduced by approximately 9.03 kg.Laying hens breeding had a certain degree of environmental pollution,and there were significant differences in the efficiency of laying hens breeding between different scales.Medium scale farms had obvious environmental efficiency advantages.