基于沸石分子筛的无机膜渗透蒸发和气体分离技术进展

Advances in inorganic membrane pervaporation and gas separation technology based on zeolites molecular sieve

相较于传统分离技术,膜分离技术具有分离效率高、能耗低、便于与其他技术集成等优点。与有机分离膜相比,无机膜具有稳定性高、机械强度大、分离效率高、耐微生物侵蚀等优势。针对基于沸石分子筛的无机膜分离技术,介绍了当前常用分子筛膜的种类;探讨了分子筛膜的主要制备方法;详细阐述了分子筛膜在渗透蒸发以及气体分离领域中的应用进展,如氢气回收、天然气净化、二氧化碳捕集和烃混合物分离。对当前存在的问题进行了分析并对今后的发展进行了展望,强调了在降低制造成本、提升分子筛膜制备技术、应对多组分分离挑战等方面的研究重点。

Compared with traditional separation technologies,the membrane separation technology has the advantages of high separation efficiency,low energy consumption,easy integration with other technologies and so on.Compared with organic separation membranes,inorganic membranes have the advantages of high stability,high mechanical strength,high separation efficiency,and resistance to microorganism erosion.Regarding the inorganic membrane separation technology based on zeolites,the types of current commonly used molecular sieve membrane are introduced;the main preparation methods of molecular sieve membrane are discussed;the application progress of molecular sieve membranes in pervaporation and gas separation are detailed,such as hydrogen recovery,natural gas purification,carbon dioxide capture,and hydrocarbon mixture separation.Current problems and prospects for future development are analyzed,emphasizing research priorities in reducing manufacturing costs,enhancing membrane preparation techniques,and addressing multi-component separation challenges.