智能制造能否有效促进企业碳减排?

Can Intelligent Manufacturing Effectively Promote Carbon Emission Reduction

智能制造作为中国制造业智能化转型升级的重要路径,不仅能够助力制造业企业实现经济的高质量发展,同时也能促进企业绿色低碳转型,实现经济效益与环境效益相统一。研究以2012—2021年中国沪深A股制造业上市企业为样本,探究智能制造影响企业碳减排的作用机制及其异质性。研究发现,智能制造能够显著降低企业碳排放强度、促进企业碳减排。智能制造通过信息效应改善信息环境、资源效应提高资源获取能力、技术效应激发创新活力、治理效应提升治理质量来显著促进企业碳减排。外部支持与压力的异质性分析发现,在高政府补助、高税收优惠等外部支持更多的企业,以及高环境规制、高市场竞争等外部压力更强的企业,智能制造促进碳减排的积极效应更大。内部特征的异质性分析发现,智能制造促进碳减排的积极效应在国有企业、高碳行业和重点排污企业中显著更强。制度环境的异质性分析发现,智能制造技术能够替代正式制度缺失的角色,促进碳减排的积极效应在市场化和法制环境较差地区的企业中更强。研究结论阐明了智能制造影响企业碳减排的作用机制与边界条件,为助推企业智能化转型升级、实现绿色低碳发展提供了有益借鉴。

As an important path for the intelligent transformation of China's manufacturing industry,intelligent manufacturing can not only help manufacturing enterprises achieve high-quality economic development,but also promote the green and low-carbon transformation,and achieve the unity of economic and environmental benefits.Using the sample of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share manufacturing listed enterprises from 2012 to 2021,it explored the impact of intelligent manufacturing on enterprise carbon emis-sion reduction.The results show that intelligent manufacturing can significantly promote corporate carbon reduction.It is stll robust in the tests of changing carbon emission reduction and intelligent manufacturing measurement,sample re-selection,controlling mul-tiple fixed effects,using clustering standard errors,and excluding carbon emission industry transfers.It is still valid after overcoming endogeneity using Heckman two-stage model,instrumental variable method and PSM-DID model.The mediating effect tests show that intelligent manufacturing significantly promotes the carbon emission reduction by improving the information environment,im-proving the enterprises resource capacity,stimulating the enterprises innovation vitality,and improving the corporate governance quality.The positive effect of intelligent manufacturing on promoting carbon emission reduction is significantly stronger in enterpris-es with more external support such as high government subsidies and high tax incentives,and enterprises with stronger external pres-sure such as high environmental regulations and high market competition.The positive effect of intelligent manufacturing on promot-ing carbon emission reduction is significantly stronger in state-owned enterprises,high-carbon industries and key polluters.The positive effect of intelligent manufacturing technology on promoting carbon emission reduction is stronger in enterprises with poor marketization level and legal environment.The intelligent manufacturing further improve the economic benefits and overall value of enterprises through the carbon emission reduction.This paper illustrates the mechanism of intelligent manufacturing affecting carbon emission reduction,which provides useful reference for promoting enterprises intelligent transformation and realizing low-carbon green development.