无锡近代女性园林文化研究

Wuxi Female Garden Culture in Modern Times(Pre-1949)

近代是我国园林现代化进程中重要的转型阶段,但其中的女性身影由于历史原因常被忽视。为深入探讨近代女性的园林实践,丰富女性园林文化研究,以近代的代表性城市无锡和其女性群体为研究对象,采用文献与图像分析结合的方法,对女园主造园的社会背景、设计表现和运营进行分析与解读,并关注女性的身份变化。研究发现:受平等自由的思潮引导,女性选择教育空间作为园林实践的基础,吸收新式教育内容,融合新的规划设计元素,展示转型时期的复杂性;女性主动以自己而非家庭中男性附庸的身份,逐渐从后宅园林进入更广阔的社会空间;近代无锡的女性园林实践仍处于早期,女性参与度较低且参与的园林类型较少。女性园林活动可视作社会人文发展的窗口,女性认知的转变具有划时代的意义。

Modern China represents a crucial transitional phase in the modernization of gardens,yet the contributions of women have often been overlooked due to historical factors.To deepen the exploration of female garden practices and enrich the study of female garden culture,this paper focuses on the representative modern city of Wuxi and its female community.Employing a combination of literature and visual analysis,the study examines the social context,design expression,and management of gardens by female garden owners,with particular attention to changes in their identities.Influenced by the ideals of equality and freedom,these women chose educational spaces as the foundation for their garden practices,incorporating modern educational content and new planning and design elements,thereby reflecting the complexities of this transitional period.They gradually asserted their identities,moving from the confines of private garden spaces into broader social spheres,independent of the male figures in their families.However,female garden practices at this time remained in an early stage,characterized by low participation and limited diversity.These activities can be viewed as a window into the socio-cultural development of the period,with the shift in women's self-perception holding significant historical importance.