斯里兰卡自然保护地发展历程探析

Exploring the Development History of Nature Reserves in Sri Lanka

全球范围内许多自然保护地都经历过重大危机,尤其在发展中国家,自然保护地往往面临着自然与人为影响因素的双重考验。斯里兰卡作为世界上第一个成立自然保护地的国家,形成了历史悠久且适宜本土国情的自然保护地发展体系以应对危机。通过梳理斯里兰卡自然保护地发展历史,探寻在国家发展危机、特殊自然环境条件以及人文历史影响之下的斯里兰卡自然保护地体系构建的先锋性,总结斯里兰卡可供全球参考的具体保护举措,为其他国家自然保护地的保护与发展提供指导。

Globally,many nature reserves have experienced major crisis,especially in developing countries,where they often face a combination of natural and anthropogenic influences.As the first country in the world to establish nature reserves,Sri Lanka has given great importance to nature reserves since ancient times and has formed a long history suitable for the local conditions of the nature reserve development system to deal with the crisis.By analyzing the development history of nature reserve development in Sri Lanka,we explore the pioneering nature reserve system in Sri Lanka under the influence of national development crisis,special natural environmental conditions and human history,and summarize the specific conservation initiatives of Sri Lanka that can be used as a reference for the whole world,to guide the conservation and development of nature reserves in other countries.