基于目标导向的自然灾害防治公共责任划分逻辑研究

Research on Public Responsibility Allocation of Natural Hazards Prevention and Control

自然灾害防治公共责任划分是开展高效公共安全治理的前置条件。该研究首先从自然灾害防治与公共安全治理的基本要素出发,通过构建公共安全治理的双三角形理论模型形成了减缓致灾因子、降低暴露及减少脆弱性三个子目标。其次,以“目标—主体—行为—后果”的连续统建构了自然灾害防治公共责任划分的总体框架。再次,将河南郑州“7·20”特大暴雨灾害的风险预警过程作为案例切片,通过对比分析说明当前公共责任划分中存在部门本位、“主体—行为”规范不足、后果维度不健全等问题。最后,指出上述问题可通过推动法律法规制定或修订、形成配套规范性文件及落实三个子目标加以化解。

The division of public responsiblity for natural hazards prevention and control is a prerequisite for eficien pub-lic security govemance.First of all,starting from the basic elements of natural disaster prevention and control as well as public se-curity govemance,three sub-goals of mitigating disaster-causing factors,reducing exposure,and reducing vulnerability are formed by constructing the double triangle theoretical model of public securiy.Secondly,by using the“objective-subject-behavior-consequence”continuum,the general framework of the division of public responsibility for natural hazards prevention and control is constructed.Thirdly,by taking the early warming process of the Henan Zhengzhou Torential Rain-caused Disaster on July 20th as a case slice,comparative analysis is conducted to ilustrate that there are problems in the curent division of publie responsibility,such as departmentalism,insufficient specification of“subject-behavior”and incomplete consequence dimen-sion.Finally,it is pointed out that the above problems can be resolved by promotng the formulation or revision of laws and regula-tions,forming supporting normative documents,and implementing the three sub-goals.