数智赋能高等教育教与学的现实向度与伦理限度

Digital Intelligence Empowers Teaching and Learning in Higher Education:Realistic Dimension and Ethical Limits

为回应数智时代对高等教育人才培养的需求,从教育哲学观的视角追问高等教育的根本问题,明确社会需求导向的教育价值论和知识观驱动的教育认识论,并从不确定性知识观中的智慧知识引发对数智化高等教育教与学的辩证思考。数智赋能高等教育的现实向度中,教学模式从二元统一转为多元协同,具体表现为基于数据驱动的精准化教学决策、基于具身认知的情境化教学空间、基于高阶思维的创生性教学设计;学习范式从集中被动走向自主个性,其特征包括基于智适应的个性化学习形态、基于认知负荷的多元化学习路径、基于自监督的“高意识”学习策略。描述数智赋能高等教育的教与学新生态,阐明教学模式与学习范式的变革特征及其内在机理,有助于进一步厘清可能产生的师生关系伦理、算法决策伦理和信息安全伦理,为此应坚守“人师”独有价值、提升算法决策可解释性和坚决弥合信息鸿沟。

In order to respond to the demand for higher education talent cultivation in the era of digital intelligence,the fundamental issues of higher education are pursued from the perspective of educational philosophy,and the social demand-oriented educational value theory and knowledge-driven educational epistemology are clarified.The wisdom knowledge in the uncertainty knowledge concept triggers dialectical thinking on the teaching and learning of digital intelligent higher education.In the reality of digital intelligence empowering higher education,the teaching mode has changed from binary unity to multiple collaboration,which is manifested in data-driven precision teaching decision-making,contextualized teaching space based on embodied cognition,and creative teaching design based on high-order thinking.The learning paradigm has changed from centralized passive to autonomous personality,which is characterized by personalized learning forms based on intellectual adaptation,diversified learning paths based on cognitive load,and“high awareness”learning strategies based on self-supervision.By describing the new ecology of teaching and learning empowered by digital intelligence,this paper clarifies the transformative characteristics and internal mechanisms of teaching modes and learning paradigms,further clarifies the ethics of teacher-student relationship,algorithm decision-making and information security ethics,and puts forward response suggestions to adhere to the unique value of“human teacher”,improve the interpretability of algorithmic decision-making,and resolutely bridge the information gap.