算法推荐背景下网络服务平台过滤义务负担研究

The Filtration Obligation Burden of Network Service Platforms under Algorithmic Recommendation Contexts

算法推荐技术使得传统版权法体系受到冲击,“通知删除”规则在算法推荐背景下逐渐失灵,无法有效平衡版权人与传播者之间的利益关系,由此所形成的价值差将有损版权人的创作积极性进而严重阻碍互联网文化产业的发展。过滤义务既不是注意义务也不是普遍审查义务,而是一种特殊的版权审查义务,引入网络服务平台的版权过滤义务既有利于缓解现实矛盾,也符合法经济学、公共政策学及知识产权基本原则的基本理论。为了有效平衡版权人与传播者等相关主体的利益,过滤义务负担的标准不宜过高,应根据网络服务平台提供的不同服务类型,对版权人上传的作品类型及网络服务平台的预见能力进行综合设定,网络服务平台对于侵权行为的判断难度越高则其负担的过滤义务越低,反之亦然。

Algorithm recommendation technology has impacted the traditional copyright law system.The“notice-deletion”rule is interestingly ineffective in this context,failing to achieve a fair balance between the copyright holders and the communicators.The resulting value difference will damage the creative enthusiasm of copyright owners and thus seriously stifle the growth of China’s Internet-based cultural industries.The filtering obligation is neither a duty of care nor a general review obligation,but rather a special obligation to ensure copyright compliance.The introduction of the copyright filtering obligation of the network service platform is not only conducive to alleviating practical contradictions,but also in line with the basic principles of legal economics,public policy,and intellectual property rights.It is proposed that in order to effectively balance the interests of copyright holders and relevant subjects such as communicators,the standard of filtering obligations should not be set too high;the type of works uploaded by the copyright holders,and the foreseeability of the network service platforms should be comprehensively determined according to the type of service provided by different network service platforms:The more challenging it is for the platform to identify infringement,the lower its filtering obligations should be,and vice versa.