复合加工刀具的设计及对气缸盖气门孔加工过程验证

Design of Composite Machining Tools and Verification of Machining Process for Cylinder Head Valve Holes

本文讲述了复合加工刀具的主要设计过程及其对气缸盖气门孔的加工过程。由于某型号高压共轨柴油机的气缸盖是由进/排气门孔结构构成,成形磨削加工需要进行对刀、对准导管孔,并形成了气门孔磨削再配研的加工工艺,使座孔热处理后表面硬度达到45 HRC~55 HRC,因磨削导致气门孔在砂轮磨粒状态下,局部划痕严重,容易造成精度及表面较差等诸多不利因素。为了解决上述等问题,本文设计的镗、铰复合加工刀具专门针对此型号气缸盖气门孔进行加工。利用有限元仿真技术对刀具的应力应变进行分析,得出刀具在加工过程的变形与应变位置及变形量都与仿真过程得到结果一致。

This article describes the main design process of composite machining tools and their machining process for cylinder head valve holes.Due to the fact that the cylinder head of a certain model of high-pressure common rail diesel engine is composed of an intake/exhaust valve hole structure,forming and grinding processing requires tool alignment,alignment with the guide pipe hole,and the formation of a valve hole grinding and re grinding processing technology,the surface hardness of the seat hole after heat treatment reaches 45 HRC to 55 HRC.Due to grinding,the valve hole is severely scratched locally in the grinding wheel abrasive state,which can easily cause many adverse factors such as poor accuracy and surface.In order to solve the above problems,the boring and hinge composite machining tool designed in this article is specifically designed for machining the valve hole of this type of cylinder head.Using finite element simulation technology to analyze the stress and strain of the cutting tool,it is found that the deformation,strain position,and deformation amount of the cutting tool during the machining process are consistent with the results obtained from the simulation process.