新时代乡村教师乡村性的流失与回归——一种社会学的空间视角

The Loss and Return of Rural Teachers'Rurality in the New Era——A Spatial Perspective of Sociology

乡村性是乡村区别于城市的本质属性。教师的乡村性即乡村教师之于非乡村教师的本质特性,是教师在乡村的物质空间、社会空间和文化空间的交织中,基于人地互动关系生成的“为乡”的教育情感、教育职责和教育文化。关注和重视教师的乡村性,对于培养新时代高素质、专业化、创新型的乡村教师队伍具有重要意义。由于城乡融合发展长期以城市为中心,乡村教师的专业发展趋于城市化,逐渐与乡土环境脱嵌,这削弱了他们的教育使命感和公共精神,造成了教师“乡村性”的流失。教师乡村性的回归不仅关系到乡村教师的个人成长与职业发展,更关系到整个乡村社会的未来与持续发展。本文从社会学的空间视角对乡村教师的“乡村性”进行审视,旨在更深入地理解乡村教师在城乡空间关系中的身份认同、文化特质以及职业实践的变化;通过分析新时代乡村教师乡村性流失的原因,提出针对性的现实回归路径,为乡村教育的改革与振兴提供理论支持和实践指导。

Rurality is the essential attribute that distinguishes the countryside from the city.Teachers'rurality is the essential characteristic of rural teachers compared with non-rural teachers,and it is the teachers'educational emotion,educational duty and educational culture‘for the countryside'based on the interaction between people and the land in the intertwining of material space,social space and cultural space in the countryside.Paying attention to and valuing the rurality of teachers is of great significance to the cultivation of high-quality,specialized and innovative rural teachers in the new era.The long-term urban-centred development of urban-rural integration has led to the professional development of rural teachers becoming urbanized and gradually de-embedded from the vernacular environment,weakening their sense of educational mission and public spirit,and resulting in the loss of teachers'rurality.The return of teachers'rurality is not only related to the personal growth and professional development of rural teachers,but also to the future and sustainable development of the whole rural society.The purpose of this paper is to examine the'rurality'of rural teachers from the spatial perspective of sociology,so as to gain a deeper understanding of the identity,cultural characteristics and changes in professional practices of rural teachers in urban-rural spatial relations.This paper analyses the reasons for the loss of rural teachers'rurality in the new era,and proposes a realistic path of return to the countryside to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the reform and revitalization of rural education.