地震勘探数据动校正拉伸畸变校准方法模拟研究

Simulation Research of the Calibration Method of Normal Moveout Tensile Distortion for the Seismic Exploration Data

地震数据动校正过程易产生拉伸畸变,为了消除拉伸畸变,提出了一种校准方法。通过对动校正原理的深入分析,阐释了常规动校正拉伸畸变产生的原因;基于地震褶积理论利用Matlab语言编辑地震正演程序,模拟一个具有四个地层的地质模型;利用模型数据,对动校正拉伸畸变过程进行数值模拟,然后将“时差校准”动校正方法应用于拉伸畸变数据,用数值模拟检验其校正效果。结果表明,“时差校准”动校正方法在数值模拟中效果突出,有望成为一种能够有效校正拉伸畸变的新方法。

The seismic data motion correction process is prone to generating stretching distortion.In order to eliminate stretching distortion,a method for calibrating stretching distortion is proposed.Through in-depth analysis of the principle of the normal moveout method in seismic data processing methods,the cause of the tensile distortion in the conventional normal moveout is explained.Based on the seismic convolution theory,the seismic forward modeling program is edited with the matlab language to simulate a geological model with four formation.Using the model data,the process of normal moveout stretching distortion is numerically simulated,and then the"time difference calibration"method for the normal moveout is applied to the stretching distortion data,and its correction effect is verified by the numerical simulation.The results show that the"time difference calibration"method for the normal moveout has a prominent effect in the numerical simulation,the corrected stretching distortion seismic waveform is basically consistent with the seismic waveform without stretching distortion for the same reflection layer.Both the theoretical method principle and numerical simulation results demonstrate the superiority of this method.After being verified by field seismic exploration data,it is expected to become a new method that can effectively correct stretching distortion.