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连续多年免耕与轮作对土壤肥力的影响研究

Effects of Continuous Years of Zero Tillage and Crop Rotation on Soil Fertility
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摘要 为研究保护性农业技术对土壤养分的影响,在宁夏引黄灌区开展麦—稻水旱轮作双免耕(以下简称麦稻轮作免耕)11年定位试验,采用常规土壤养分测定方法,对连续多年麦稻轮作免耕下土壤养分、质地、pH等指标进行检测。结果表明:连续多年麦稻轮作免耕和常规耕作(CK)0~20 cm土层土壤质地差异不明显。与CK相比,连续7年麦稻轮作免耕后,0~10 cm,尤其是0~5 cm表层土壤养分有显著的提高,而且这种增加趋势在深层土壤中也有所体现。此后连续4年冬小麦单作免耕(共计11年免耕)下,土壤有机质、全氮、全钾质量比呈现随时间推移下降的趋势;全钾、速效钾质量比低于CK;有效锌、有效锰、有效铜质量比呈下降趋势,有效铁质量比却呈略上升的趋势;全磷、速效磷质量比高于CK,并且呈逐年上升趋势。可见,免耕与合理轮作是保护性农业中的一项基本原则。 This study investigates the effects of consecutive years of zero tillage and crop rotation on soil fertility.An 11-year experimental study on a double cropping system of paddy rice and upland wheat using double-zero-tillage was conducted in the Yellow River Basin of Ningxia.Conventional soil nutrient determination methods were used to analyze the nutrients,texture,pH value,and other parameters of soil that retained crop residues under zero tillage for consecutive years,focusing on the impact of conservation agricultural techniques on soil nutrients.The results indicate that there was no significant difference in soil texture changes in the 0~20 cm soil layer between consecutive years of zero tillage and conventional tillage(CK).However,after seven consecutive years of double-zero-tillage in the winter wheat-rice rotation,there was a significant increase in soil nutrients in the 0~10 cm soil layer,particularly in the 0~5 cm layer,and this increase was also observed in deeper soil layers.Following an additional four years of monoculture under zero tillage with winter wheat(totaling 11 years of zero tillage),the soil organic matter,total nitrogen,and available potassium contents exhibited a declining trend over time;total potassium and available potassium content were lower than those in the CK.Although the effective iron content showed a slight upward trend,the contents of available zinc,manganese,and copper displayed a downward trend.Overall,zero tillage combined with reasonable crop rotation is a fundamental principle in conservation agriculture.
作者 袁海燕 袁汉民 赵万伏 董立国 张维军 何进尚 袁海静 李晓慧 王帆 崔保国 杨睿青 马迪 Yuan Haiyan;Yuan Hanmin;Zhao Wanfu;Dong Liguo;Zhang Weijun;He Jinshang;Yuan Haijing;Li Xiaohui;Wang Fan;Cui Baoguo;Yang Ruiqing;Ma Di(Ningxia Survey and Monitoring Academy of Land and Resources,Yinchuan 750002,China;Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China;Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China;Crop Research Institute,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yongning 750100,China;Wolfberry Research Institute,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China)
出处 《农业科学研究》 2024年第3期1-6,共6页 Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金 宁夏重点研发计划项目(2018DWHZ0132、2022BEG03054) 农业部948计划项目(2011-Z29) 国家外国专家局引智项目(Y20186400002)。
关键词 免耕 轮作 土壤养分 保护性农业 zero-tillage crop rotation soil nutrients conservation agriculture
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