移栽期和密度对泽泻干物质生产及产量的影响

Effects of Transplanting Date and Density on Dry Matter Production and Yield of Alisma plantago-aquatica

为研究移栽期和密度对泽泻干物质生产和产量的影响,于2021年在四川宜宾市兴文县僰王山镇开展大田试验。试验采用两因素随机区组设计,因素1为移栽期(X):8月17日(X1)、8月27日(X2)、9月6日(X3);因素2为移栽密度(Y):12.0万株/hm^(2)(Y1)、13.5万株/hm^(2)(Y2)、15.0万株/hm^(2)(Y3),测定泽泻不同生育时期干物质质量及产量。结果表明:移栽期和密度对泽泻不同时期的干物质积累及产量形成均有显著或极显著的调控效应,随移栽期推迟和密度增大,泽泻干物质质量和产量呈先增大后减小的趋势。生育前期,以X1的泽泻干物质积累较好,移栽后35、50 d分别比X2、X3的群体干物质质量高12.18%/28.15%、5.43%/12.61%;在中后期则是X2的各器官干物质积累量较高,产量较X1、X3分别高9.53%、10.70%。不同密度处理下单株干物质质量大小依次为Y1、Y2、Y3,群体干物质质量在全生育期以Y2的最大,主要表现在各器官干物质累积量的协同增大,产量最优,较Y1、Y3分别高13.36%、7.63%;而密度过大、过小均不利于群体物质生产,导致产量不高。综合而言,以8月27日移栽结合13.5万株/hm^(2)移栽密度,泽泻干物质积累最优,产量最大,达2 524.01 kg/hm^(2)。

In order to investigate the effects of transplanting date and density on the standardized cultivation of Alisma plantagoaquatica,a field experiment was carried out in Qiwangshan Town,Xingwen County,Yibin City in 2021.Factor 1 was transplanting date(X):August 17(X1),August 27(X2),September 6(X3),and Factor 2 was transplanting density(Y):120000 plants/hm^(2)(Y1),135000 plants/hm^(2)(Y2),150000 plants/hm^(2)(Y3).Dry matter accumulation and yield during the growth period were measured.The results showed that transplanting date and density had significant or very significant regulatory effects on dry matter accumulation and yield formation of Alisma plantago-aquatica at different stages.With the postponement of the transplanting date and the increase in density,the dry matter weight and yield of Alisma plantago-aquatica increased initially and then decreased.In the early growth stage,the dry matter accumulation of Alisma plantago-aquatica was better under X1 treatment,while in the middle and later stages,the dry matter accumulation of each organ was higher and the yield was better under X2 treatment.Under the density treatment,the material production of each organ was optimal at Y2 treatment,which is 135000 plants/hm^(2).Overall,the highest yield of Alisma plantago-aquatica was achieved with a combination of transplanting on August 27 at a density of 135000 plants/hm^(2).