数字普惠金融能否促进农村居民家庭消费结构优化?——来自CHFS微观数据的证据

Can Digital Financial Inclusion Contribute to the Optimization of Rural Households’Consumption Structure?:Evidence from CHFS Microdata

数字普惠金融的快速发展使农村市场消费需求得到有效释放。基于中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,运用双重差分法研究数字普惠金融对农村居民家庭消费的影响。结果表明:数字普惠金融能够有效促进农村居民家庭总消费水平、生存型消费以及享受型消费增长,对享受型消费的影响效果更为明显,但对发展型消费的影响作用不显著。数字普惠金融对食品、衣服、日用品及服务、交通通信、医疗健康和教育文娱支出均存在促进作用,其中对教育文娱支出的影响作用最大,并对食品和医疗健康消费支出占比存在显著负向影响作用。这进一步说明数字普惠金融有利于农村居民家庭消费升级、消费结构优化。最后提出持续完善乡村数字服务基础建设、加快推进对农村居民金融知识的推广和教育以及多方推动与数字普惠金融协同发展的对策建议。

The rapid development of digital inclusive finance has effectively released consumption demand in the rural market.Based on data from the China Household Finance Survey(CHFS),the difference-in-differences method is employed to explore the impact of digital inclusive finance on rural residents’household consumption.The findings suggest that digital inclusive finance can effectively promote the growth of rural households’total consumption level,subsistence consumption,and enjoyment consumption,with a more pronounced effect on enjoyment consumption and a less significant impact on developmental consumption.Furthermore,digital inclusive finance positively influences spending on food,clothing,daily necessities and services,transportation and communication,medical and healthcare,and education and recreation,with the greatest impact observed in education and recreation expenditures.However,it also has a significant negative effect on the proportion of consumption expenditures for food and medical care.This further indicates that digital inclusive finance is beneficial for the upgrading of consumption and the optimization of the consumption structure of rural households.Finally,the paper proposes policy recommendations for continuously improving rural digital service infrastructure,accelerating the promotion and education of financial knowledge among rural residents,and fostering synergistic development alongside digital inclusive finance through multiple avenues.