气候变化背景下江苏春茶生长气候适宜性评价

Climate Suitability Evaluation of Jiangsu Spring Tea Growth under the Background of Climate Change

利用1981-2020年江苏72个气象站逐日气象资料,基于茶叶春季生长适宜气象条件,应用模糊数学方法,构建日尺度茶叶气候适宜度指数,开展江苏春茶生长气候适宜度等级区域划分和评价,分析气候变化背景下不同年代江苏春茶生长气候适宜度的时空变化特征。结果表明:春茶生长气候适宜度时空变化特征各有异同。对于江苏三大茶区来说,春茶生长日尺度气候适宜度均呈单峰型分布形态,高值时段集中于4月上旬-5月上旬,进入高峰期的时间随年代变化呈10d左右的提前趋势。三大茶树主栽区域年尺度气候适宜度指数在2000-2010年达到高峰,且呈上升趋势。各年代间环太湖低山茶区属高适宜区域,连云港茶区属低适宜区域,宁镇扬丘陵茶区主要为中适宜区。江苏春茶生长气候适宜度指数呈北低南高的分布特征,年代际变化特征明显,以0.005·10a-1的速率呈上升趋势,2001-2010年春茶生长气候资源良好。

Based on the suitable meteorological conditions for tea growth in spring,daily meteorological data from 72 meteorological stations in Jiangsu during 1981 to 2020 were used to construct the daily scale tea climate suitability index by applying the me thod of fuzzy mathematics,and regional division and evaluation of the climatic suitability of spring tea in Jiangsu province were realized.Furthermore,the temporal and spatial characteristics of the climatic suitability of spring tea in Jiangsu in different decade under the background of climate change were analyzed.The results showed that the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of climate suitability for spring tea in Jiangsu province had similarities and differences.The daily scale climate suitability of spring tea in three dominant tea growing regions showed a single peak distribution,and the peak period located from early-April to late-May.With the change of decades,the times when the climatic suitability of tea growth entered the peak period showed an early trend of about 10 days.While,the annual scale climate suitability index of the three dominant tea growing regions reached its peak during the period from 2000 to 2010,and basically showed an increased trend.During different interdecadal,the low mountain tea area around Taihu lake always belonged to the high suitability area,Lianyungang tea area always belonged to the low suitability area,and Ningzhenyang hilly tea area mainly belonged to the medium suitability area.For Jiangsu region,the climate suitability index of spring tea showed the distribution characteristics of"low in the north and high in the south".The interdecadal variation characteristics were obvious,showing an upward trend of 0.005·10y-1.While,climate resources of spring tea growth during the period from 2000 to 2010 were the best during the study period.