摘要
国内对伊恩·麦克尤恩小说伦理维度的研究多以探讨人的心理与情感为主,而对小说现实维度的研究又常常脱离伦理这一聚焦点,仅关注英国社会的历史与政治书写。事实上,麦克尤恩对法律意象及法律主题多层次的关注恰巧能够成为道德伦理与现实社会的联结点。以小说《儿童法案》为例,其从法官菲奥娜这一角色切入,深度演绎法律的内在道德性在立法、司法及自由裁量情境下的局限,以文学“诗性正义”的方式对法律“义务的道德”与“愿望的道德”做出了反思。麦克尤恩从个体描写出发,借由法律视角窥视社会公共道德困境,在揭示作品法理观的同时,也印证了其作品中所蕴含的现实主义诗性伦理。
Chinese academia used to notice the phycological and emotional themes when discussing the ethical dimension of Ian McEwan's novels,or preferred to break away from the ethical focus and merely emphasized the history and politics of British society instead.In fact,McEwan's multi-layered attention to legal images and legal themes happens to be the link between moral ethics and social reality.Taking the novel The Children Act as an example,it reflects on the two legal concepts“the moralities of duty”and“the moralities of aspiration”through the pattern of poetic justice by creating the character Fiona Meyer and deducing the limitations of the morality of law in the context of legislation,judicature,and discretion.Starting from the individual depiction,McEwan takes the perspective of law to examine the public moral dilemma,which not only reveals the literary jurisprudence of the work but also presents his poetic ethics of realism.
