海洋鱼类细菌性疾病防治研究进展

Research Progress of Bacterial Disease Prevention and Treatment in Marine Fish

简述了海洋鱼类主要的细菌性疾病及其危害,介绍了目前抗生素的应用以及耐药性和残留积累。指出,噬菌体治疗、疫苗接种、生物表面活性剂、抗菌肽和合成肽、益生菌、中草药以及精油等,在预防和治疗各种鱼类细菌性疾病方面极具优势。提出,应结合鱼的种类、致病的病原体、疾病的发展阶段、养殖设施的状况,探索出更好、更可持续的海产养殖细菌性鱼病防治技术,为人类提供更安全的食物和更安全的环境。

This paper briefly describes the main bacterial diseases and their hazards in marine fishes,and introduces the current application of antibiotics,drug resistance and residue accumulation.It is pointed out that phage treatment,vaccination,biosurfactants,antimicrobial and synthetic peptides,probiotics,Chinese herbal medicines,and essential oils are extremely advantageous in the prevention and treatment of various fish bacterial diseases.It is proposed that better and more sustainable prevention and control technologies for bacterial fish diseases in mariculture should be explored,taking into account the types of fish,pathogens that cause diseases,the development stage of diseases,and the status of aquaculture facilities,in order to provide safer food and a safer environment for human beings.