电驱式单行水稻育秧盘摆盘覆土机设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Electric Drive Single Row Rice Seedling Raising Plate Swing Plate Cover Machine

为实现水稻育秧棚内机械化,针对现有育秧模式中秧盘摆放与底表土铺覆环节劳动强度大、生产效率低、作业时间长,以及现有秧盘摆放装置大多不适用于塑料软盘等问题,结合水稻育秧农艺要求,设计了一种电驱式单行水稻育秧盘摆盘覆土一体机。阐述了整机结构与摆盘覆土的基本原理,对覆土皮带与横向导轨进行了仿真分析,并验证了设计的合理性。以覆土量均匀性变异系数、覆土表面平整度、秧盘纵向整齐度和秧盘横向整齐度为试验指标进行田间试验,结果表明:电驱式单行水稻育秧盘摆盘覆土机作业效果较好,覆土量均匀性变异系数<3%,覆土表面平整度<2 mm,秧盘纵向横向整齐度均≤2 mm,满足水稻育秧农艺要求和水稻工厂化技术要求中对秧盘摆放与覆土的技术规范要求。

In order to realize the mechanization of rice seedling cultivation in the shed,aiming at the problems of heavy labor intensity,low production efficiency,long operation time,and most of the existing rice seedling arrangement devices are not suitable for plastic floppy disk in the existing shed seedling cultivation mode.An electric drive type single row rice seedling planting tray tray overlaying machine was designed in combination with the requirements of rice seedling cultivation.This paper describes the structure of the whole machine and the basic principle of the swing plate overburden,and makes a simulation analysis of the overburden belt and the lateral guide rail to verify the rationality of the design.Field experiments were conducted using the variation coefficient of soil cover amount uniformity,surface flatness of soil cover,vertical uniformity of rice plate and transverse uniformity of rice plate as test indexes.The test results showed that the electric drive type single row rice seedling tray tray overlaying machine had a good operation effect,the variation coefficient of soil cover amount uniformity was<3%,the surface flatness of soil cover was<2 mm,and the horizontal and vertical uniformity of the rice tray was≤2 mm,which met the requirements of rice seedling cultivation agronomy and the technical requirements of rice factory.