新生伊犁马马驹后肠道微生物母源传递特征的研究

Study on Characterization of Maternal Transmission of Microorganisms in Hindgut of Newborn Yili Horse Foals

本试验旨在探讨新生伊犁马马驹后肠道微生物的母源传递特征。通过16S rRNA基因扩增子测序和SourceTracker分析方法,分析11对伊犁马母马的胎盘、脐带、初乳、粪便和马驹胎粪的微生物区系特征,以确定母马不同部位的微生物对新生马驹后肠道微生物区系定植的贡献。结果表明:胎盘和脐带中的微生物群结构相似,而母马粪便和马驹胎粪中则分别具有独特的微生物群。母马胎盘、脐带、初乳、粪便中的微生物都是马驹粪便中微生物的来源,贡献度由高到低依次为初乳(5.5%)、脐带(0.8%)和胎盘(0.7%);此外,马驹胎粪中还有许多未知来源且贡献度(93.0%)相对较高的微生物。由本试验结果可知,母马胎盘、脐带和初乳中的微生物可通过母源传递方式在马驹肠道中进行定植,其中初乳微生物对马驹胎粪微生物的定植贡献最大。

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the maternal transmission characteristics of hindgut microorganisms in newborn Yili horse foals.Microbiota characterizations of placenta,umbilical cord,colostrum,feces,and meconium of foals from 11 pairs of Yili mares were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and SourceTracker analysis methods to determine the extent to which microorganisms from different parts of the mare contributed to microbiota colonization of the foal hindgut.The results showed that the microbiota of placental and umbilical cord were similar in structure;mare’s feces and foal’s meconium had unique microbiota.Microorganisms from the mare’s placenta,umbilical cord,colostrum were sources of microbiota in the foal’s meconium,in descending order of contribution:colostrum(5.5%),umbilical cord(0.8%),and placenta(0.7%).Besides,there were many other microorganisms of unknown origin and high relative contribution(93.0%)in foal’s meconium.This experiment results demonstrate that microorganisms from mare’s placenta,umbilical cord and colostrum can colonize the foal gut by means of maternal transmission,with colostrum microorganisms contributing the most to the colonization of meconium microorganisms.