雨生红球藻粉对金刚虾生长性能、虾青素沉积和肠道健康的影响

Effects of Haematococcus pluvialis Powder on Growth Performance,Astaxanthin Deposition and Intestinal Health of Penaeus monodon

本试验旨在探究雨生红球藻粉对金刚虾生长性能、虾青素沉积和肠道健康的影响。选择1620尾初始体重为(2.38±0.25)g的金刚虾,随机分为9个组,每组3个重复,每个重复60尾虾。各组分别在基础饲料中添加0(A0组,对照组)、0.1%(A1组)、0.2%(A2组)、0.3%(A3组)、0.4%(A4组)、0.5%(A5组)、0.6%(A6组)、0.7%(A7组)、0.8%(A8组)的雨生红球藻粉。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)A2~A5组的终末体重和增重率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),A1~A5组的特定生长率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),A7~A8组的存活率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)A1~A8组的甲壳中虾青素含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),A4~A8组的肝胰腺和肌肉中虾青素含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。虾青素在各组织中含量为:甲壳>肝胰腺>肌肉。3)A4~A8组的肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),A1~A8组的肠壁厚度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,在门水平上,A2、A5、A8组的肠道变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),肠道疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota)和浮霉菌门(Planctomycetota)相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05);在属水平上,A2、A5、A8组的肠道Haloferula相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),肠道希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella)和弧菌属(Vibrio)相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲料中添加0.2%~0.5%雨生红球藻粉能有效促进金刚虾生长,提升虾青素沉积量,改善肠道健康。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Haematococcus pluvialis powder on growth performance,astaxanthin deposition and intestinal health of Penaeus monodon.A total of 1620 Penaeus monodon were randomly divided into 9 groups with 3 replicates per group and 60 shrimps per group.Shrimps in 9 groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0(A0 group,as control group),0.1%(A1 group),0.2%(A2 group),0.3%(A3 group),0.4%(A4 group),0.5%(A5 group),0.6%(A6 group),0.7%(A7 group)and 0.8%(A8 group),Haematococcus pluvialis powder,respectively.The experiment lasted for 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)the final body weight of weight gain rate of A2 to A5 groups were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),the specific growth rate of A1 to A5 groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the survival rate of A7 to A8 groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).2)The crustaceans astaxanthin content of A1 to A8 groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the hepatopancreas and muscle content of A4 to A8 groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The content of astaxanthin in various tissues was crustaceans>hepatopancreas>muscle.3)The intestinal villus height of A4 to A8 groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the intestinal wall thickness of A1 to A8 groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).4)Compared with the control group,at phylum level,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in intestine of A2,A5 and A8 groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the relative abundances of Verrucomicrobiota and Planctomycetota in intestine were significantly increased(P<0.05);at genus level,the relative abundance of Haloferula in intestine of A2,A5 and A8 groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the relative abundances of Shewanella and Vibrio in intestine were significantly decreased(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary supplemented with 0.2%to 0.5%Haematococcus pluvialis powder can effectively promote the growth of Penaeus monodon,increase the astaxanthin deposition,and improve the intestinal health.