中红外光谱在牛奶成分预测及奶牛性状研究的进展

Advances in the Prediction of Milk Composition and the Study of Dairy Cattle Traits by Mid-infrared Spectroscopy

中红外光谱法(Mid-infrared spectroscopy,MIRS)是一种应用在群体水平上记录表型的快速而经济的工具。牛奶成分是奶牛健康状况和遗传性能的反映指标。MIRS技术通过大规模集中处理牛奶样品,使得单个奶牛个体营养成分监测和健康评估变得可能且高效。该文综述了近年来中红外光谱技术在乳制品化学成分,如脂肪酸、蛋白质、矿物质以及其他性状(甲烷排放、能量平衡、妊娠诊断、哺乳期采食量衡量等)方面的研究进展,以期有更多的研究者利用MIRS技术在准确测量和预测牛奶质量特征以及在遗传育种方面发挥更大的作用。

Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy(MIRS)is a rapid and economical tool for recording phenotypes at the population level.Milk composition is an index reflecting the health status and genetic performance of dairy cows.By centralizing milk samples on a large scale,MIRS technology can effectively monitor and evaluate the nutritional composition and health of individual cows.In this paper,the recent research progress of MIRS technology in the chemical composition of dairy products,such as fatty acids,proteins,minerals,and other traits(methane emission,energy balance,pregnancy diagnosis,etc.)is reviewed,hoping that more researchers can use MIRS technology to accurately measure and predict milk quality characteristics and play a greater role in genetic breeding.