学校反兴奋剂教育的实践检视与制度协同—基于2024年部分高考应届生的实证研究

Practice and Institutional Synergy of School Anti-doping Education:An Empirical Study Based on 2024 College Entrance Examination Candidates

随着《反兴奋剂条例(修订草案)》的发布,反兴奋剂教育与部门协同的重要性愈发凸显。通过行为理论构建分析框架,探讨学生在反兴奋剂教育行为动机上的差异,并以部分2024年高考应届生为样本进行问卷调查,实证分析学生反兴奋剂知识水平的影响因素。发现,学生对兴奋剂检查的认知与其知识水平呈正相关,且体育专项考试学生虽在知识水平上优于普通考生,但整体差距不大且未达到及格线,这揭示出学校反兴奋剂教育在制度协同方面仍面临困境。对此,急需通过以下3个方面的制度协同完善反兴奋剂教育的规范体系:①与配套制度的协同,确保教育活动与兴奋剂检查、调查等制度形成有效衔接,以增强教育的实践性和执行力;②与考试制度的协同,将反兴奋剂知识的考核纳入体育专项考试内容,以提升学生对反兴奋剂重要性的认识和知识的掌握;③与教学制度的协同,将反兴奋剂教育融入教学大纲和课程设置,通过课堂教学、讲座和拓展活动等形式提高教育的系统性和实效性。

With the release of the Anti-Doping Regulations(Revised Draft),the importance of anti-doping education and departmental synergy has become increasingly prominent.This paper aims to construct an analytical framework based on behavioral theory to explore the differences in students'motivation for engaging in antidoping education.Using a sample of 2024 college entrance examination candidates,a questionnaire survey was conducted to empirically analyze the factors influencing students'level of anti-doping knowledge.It is found that students'awareness of doping tests is positively correlated with their knowledge level.Although students specializing in sports outperformed regular candidates in terms of knowledge level,the overall gap was minor,and neither group reached the passing mark.This highlights the ongoing challenges in institutional synergy for school anti-doping education.Therefore,it is imperative to enhance the normative system of anti-doping education through institutional synergy in three aspects:①The synergy with supporting systems,which is to ensure the effective linkage between educational activities and doping tests,investigations,and other systems to enhance the practicality and enforceability of education.②The synergy with examination systems,which is to incorporate the assessment of anti-doping knowledge into the content of sports-specific exams to improve students'awareness and mastery of anti-doping importance and knowledge.③The synergy with teaching systems,which is to integrate anti-doping education into the curriculum and course settings,utilizing classroom teaching,lectures,and extensive activities to enhance the systematicness and effectiveness of education.