《联合国打击网络犯罪公约》的中国立场与核心问题

China's Position and Core Issues on the United Nations Convention on Combatting Cybercrime

《联合国打击网络犯罪公约》草案的出台及经联合国特设委员会投票通过,是中国、俄罗斯等发展中国家阵营不懈努力的成果,但仍然面临严峻挑战。中国应当以维护国家主权和照顾发展中国家利益为前提,贯彻打击网络犯罪的基本立场:扩大公约草案所主张的定罪范围和适用犯罪,并进而扩大公约的适用范围及影响力;抵制或限制以“数据控制者模式”为特征的单边取证模式的适用,积极推广我国刑事证据出境审查工作机制,探讨基于数据主权的跨境调取电子数据解决方案。

The publication of the United Nations Convention on Combating Cybercrime(draft)has demonstrated great achievements of the developing countries,while still facing crucial challenges.In future negotiations,China should prioritize safeguarding national sovereignty and accommodating the interests of developing countries while continuing to uphold its fundamental stance against cybercrime.Strategic adjustments should be made to expand the convention's scope and influence by amending the draft convention to broaden the definition of punishable offenses and its applicability.China should firmly oppose unilateral evidence collection clauses characterized by the“data controller model”in the draft convention,actively promote its mechanism for reviewing outbound criminal evidence,and explore cross-border electronic data retrieval solutions based on data sovereignty.