重症监护室颅脑损伤患者压力性损伤的危险因素分析

Analysis of Risk Factors for Pressure Injuries in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury in the Intensive Care Unit

【目的】探讨重症监护室颅脑损伤患者发生压力性损伤的危险因素。【方法】回顾性分析在本院重症监护室接受治疗的146例颅脑损伤患者的临床资料,根据是否发生压力性损伤分为发生组和未发生组,使用问卷调查方式收集患者的临床资料,分析患者发生压力性损伤的危险因素。【结果】单因素分析结果显示,年龄、体重指数、合并糖尿病,使用血管活性药物和镇静药物,格拉斯哥(Glasgow)昏迷评分、器官功能衰竭(SOFA)评分均为导致患者发生压力性损伤的影响因素(P<0.05)。年龄≥60岁、合并糖尿病、使用血管活性药物、使用镇静药物、Glasgow昏迷评分≤12分、SOFA评分≥12分均为导致患者发生压力性损伤的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。【结论】年龄≥60岁、合并糖尿病、使用血管活性药物、使用镇静药物、Glasgow昏迷评分≤12分、SOFA评分≥12分均可诱发重症监护室颅脑损伤患者压力性损伤的危险因素,临床可根据其具体情况制定相应的预防措施。

【Objective】To explore the risk factors for pressure injuries in patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI)in the intensive care unit(ICU).【Methods】A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 146 TBI patients treated in the ICU of our hospital.Patients were divided into two groups based on whether they developed pressure injuries:the occurrence group and the non-occurrence group.Clinical data were collected through questionnaires and compared between the two groups to analyze the risk factors for pressure injuries.【Results】Univariate analysis indicated that age,body mass index(BMI),diabetes,use of vasoactive drugs,use of sedatives,Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)score,and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)score were the influencing factors for pressure injuries(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that age≥60 years,diabetes,use of vasoactive drugs,use of sedatives,GCS score≤12,and SOFA score≥12 were the independent risk factors for pressure injuries(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Age≥60 years,diabetes,use of vasoactive drugs,use of sedatives,GCS score≤12,and SOFA score≥12 can induce the occurrence of pressure injuries in ICU patients with TBI.Clinicians can develop corresponding preventive measures based on the specific conditions of the patients.